Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (8/320)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

among those whose agreement counts toward consensus; for when they refused to pledge allegiance to him and did not deliver (1) the zakat to him, he called them apostates, killed them, and took them captive. Similar statements by him have already been discussed.

Learned and ordinary people alike know that Banū Hanīfah believed in Musaylimah the Liar, who claimed prophethood in al-Yamāmah and claimed to share in the Prophet’s mission, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He claimed prophethood toward the end of the Prophet’s life, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He was subsequently killed (2), as was al-Aswad al-ʿAnsī in Sana'a, Yemen, whose name was ʿAbhalah. Al-Aswad likewise had many followers. Then Allah killed him at the hands of Fayrūz al-Daylamī and those who helped him. He was killed during the lifetime of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. On the very night he was killed, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, announced his death (3), saying:

“A righteous man—a member (4) of a righteous household—killed him.” (5)

Al-Aswad claimed prophethood independently, rather than merely claiming a share in it. He seized control of Yemen and expelled the Prophet’s officials, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, until he was killed by

(1) n, m, s: imtana‘ū ‘an bay‘atihi lam yahmilū (“they refused to pledge allegiance to him; they did not deliver …”). (2) Fa-qutila (“then he was killed”) is omitted in (n), (s), and (b). (3) Bi-qatlihi (“of his killing”) is omitted in (s) and (b). (4) Ahli (“members of”) is omitted in (s) and (b). (5) Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr records in al-Istī‘āb (printed in the margins of al-Isābah, 3:202): Sayf (ibn ‘Umar) said: “Abū al-Qāsim al-Shanawī also informed us, on the authority of al-‘Alā’ ibn Ziyād, from Ibn ‘Umar, who said: ‘News came from heaven to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and his family and grant him peace, on the night when al-Aswad al-‘Ansī, the Liar, was killed. He came out to give us the good news, saying: “Al-Aswad was killed last night. A blessed man from a blessed household killed him.” He was asked: “Who killed him, O Messenger of Allah?” He replied: “Fayrūz al-Daylamī.”’”

مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِجْمَاعِ ; فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمَّا امْتَنَعُوا عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ وَلَمْ يَحْمِلُوا (١) إِلَيْهِ الزَّكَاةَ سَمَّاهُمْ أَهْلَ الرِّدَّةِ، وَقَتَلَهُمْ وَسَبَاهُمْ، وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ مِثْلُ هَذَا فِي كَلَامِهِ. وَبَنُو حَنِيفَةَ قَدْ عَلِمَ الْخَاصُّ وَالْعَامُّ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِمُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابِ الَّذِي ادَّعَى النُّبُوَّةَ بِالْيَمَامَةِ، وَادَّعَى أَنَّهُ شَرِيكُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الرِّسَالَةِ، وَادَّعَى النُّبُوَّةَ فِي آخِرِ حَيَاةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُتِلَ (٢) هُوَ وَالْأَسْوَدُ الْعَنْسِيُّ بِصَنْعَاءِ الْيَمَنِ وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ عَبْهَلَةَ، وَاتَّبَعَ الْأَسْوَدَ أَيْضًا خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ، ثُمَّ قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ بِيَدِ فَيْرُوزَ الدَّيْلِمِيِّ وَمَنْ أَعَانَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَكَانَ قَتْلُهُ فِي حَيَاةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَخْبَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِقَتْلِهِ (٣) لَيْلَةَ قُتِلَ، وَقَالَ: " «قَتَلَهُ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ (٤) بَيْتٍ صَالِحِينَ» " (٥) . وَالْأَسْوَدُ ادَّعَى الِاسْتِقْلَالَ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ، وَلَمْ يَقْتَصِرْ عَلَى الْمُشَارَكَةِ، وَغَلَبَ عَلَى الْيَمَنِ وَأَخْرَجَ مِنْهَا عُمَّالَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ

(١) ن، م، س امْتَنَعُوا عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوا. . (٢) فَقُتِلَ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (س) ، (ب) (٣) بِقَتْلِهِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (س) ، (ب) (٤) أَهْلِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (س) ، (ب) (٥) ذَكَرَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْبَرِّ فِي كِتَابِهِ " الِاسْتِيعَابِ " عَلَى هَامِشِ الْإِصَابَةِ ٣/٢٠٢) قَالَ " سَيْفُ (بْنُ عُمَرَ) وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الشَّنَوِيُّ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: أَتَى الْخَبَرُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ اللَّيْلَةَ الَّتِي قُتِلَ فِيهَا الْأَسْوَدُ الْكَذَّابُ الْعَنْسِيُّ، فَخَرَجَ لِيُبَشِّرَنَا فَقَالَ: " قُتِلَ الْأَسْوَدُ الْبَارِحَةَ، قَتَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مُبَارَكٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ مُبَارَكِينَ " قِيلَ " وَمَنْ قَتَلَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: فَيْرُوزُ الدَّيْلَمِيُّ "