(1) Ibn Hazm wrote in *al-Muhallā*, 8/146 (al-Munīriyya ed., 1350): “The owner of an animal bears no liability for any harm it causes to property or person, whether by night or by day. The owner is, however, ordered to keep it under control. If he does so, that suffices; but if the animal causes harm again and he fails to restrain it, it is sold against his will, because the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings of Allah be upon him—said: ‘Injury caused by a non-speaking animal entails no liability.’ This is the position of Abū Hanīfa and Abū Sulaymān. Mālik and al-Shāfiʿī said that its owner is liable for damage it causes at night, but not for damage it causes during the day. This was also the judgment of Shurayh and the ruling of al-Shaʿbī. They cited as evidence the hadith of al-Barāʾ’s she-camel, according to which the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings of Allah be upon him—ruled that orchard owners were responsible for guarding their orchards during the day, while livestock owners were responsible for whatever their animals damaged at night.” ʿAlī (Ibn Hazm) said: “Had this report been authentic, they would not have preceded us in adopting it. It is, however, inauthentic, for al-Zuhrī alone narrated it from Harām ibn Muhayyisa, from his father. Al-Zuhrī also narrated it from Abū Umāma ibn Sahl ibn Hunayf, stating that a she-camel belonging to al-Barāʾ... It is thus established that the report is *mursal*, because Harām was not Muhayyisa’s direct son; rather, he was the son of Saʿd ibn Muhayyisa, and neither Saʿd nor Abū Umāma heard from al-Barāʾ. A disconnected (*munqatiʿ*) report cannot serve as proof. Indeed, those Hanafis who maintain that a *mursal* report and a fully connected (*musnad*) report carry equal weight would have been obliged to adopt it; but this is one of the matters in which they contradicted themselves.” Ibn Hazm then discussed the appeal to the story of Solomon—peace be upon him—as evidence, refuted it, and said: “Even had they narrated this from the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings of Allah be upon him—it would not constitute proof, because it is a *mursal* report.” (2) S, B: *zaraʿa* (“he planted”). (3) N: *li-ʿadāwatihi* (“because of his hostility”).