Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

Alī, for the Quran was not completed until Alī was around thirty years old. He therefore memorized most of it in adulthood, not childhood, and there are two views as to whether he memorized the Quran in its entirety.

The prophets are the most knowledgeable of all creation, and Allah sent no prophet until after the age of forty (1), except Jesus, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The Prophet’s teaching was unrestricted: he singled no one out for it; rather, what each person received depended on the learner’s aptitude. For this reason, over three years and part of another, Abū Hurayra retained from him what no one else retained, even though Abū Bakr spent more time in his company than any of the other Companions.

As for his statement (2):

“People acquired the various branches of knowledge from him (3).”

This is false. The people of Kūfa—which was his home—had already learned faith, the Quran and its exegesis, jurisprudence, and the Sunnah from Ibn Masūd and others before Alī came to Kūfa.

If it is said that Abū Abd al-Rahmān (4) recited the Quran to him, this means that he presented his recitation to him for review. It could not mean that he learned it from him, for Abū Abd al-Rahmān had (5) already memorized the Quran before Alī came to Kūfa, and he

(1) S and B read: “forty.” (2) In K, p. 178 (M); this continues his preceding remarks. (3) K reads: “And from him—peace be upon him—people acquired knowledge.” (4) This most likely refers to Abū Abd al-Rahmān ibn Habīb ibn Rabīa al-Sulamī al-Kūfī, the Quran reciter. Ibn Sad said (*al-Tabaqāt*, 6/172): “He narrated from Alī, Abd Allāh, and Uthmān.” Ibn Hajar said in his biography (*Tahdhīb al-Tahdhīb*, 5/183–184): “He narrated from Umar, Uthmān, Alī, Sad, Khālid ibn al-Walīd, Ibn Masūd, Hudhayfa, Abū Mūsā al-Asharī, Abū al-Dardā, and Abū Hurayra.… Ibn Sad said: He died during the time of Bishr ibn Marwān. It was also said that he died in 72, and it was said in 70. Ibn Qāni said: He died in 85 at the age of ninety.… He was among the associates of Ibn Masūd.” (5) *Kāna* (“had”) is omitted from S and B.
عَلِيٌّ، فَإِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ لَمْ يَكْمُلْ حَتَّى صَارَ لِعَلِيٍّ نَحْوٌ مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً، فَإِنَّمَا حَفِظَ أَكْثَرَ ذَلِكَ فِي كِبَرِهِ لَا فِي صِغَرِهِ، وَقَدِ اخْتُلِفَ فِي حِفْظِهِ لِجَمِيعِ الْقُرْآنِ عَلَى قَوْلَيْنِ. وَالْأَنْبِيَاءُ أَعْلَمُ الْخَلْقِ، وَلَمْ يَبْعَثِ اللَّهُ نَبِيًّا إِلَّا بَعْدَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ (١) ، إِلَّا عِيسَى صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَتَعْلِيمُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ مُطْلَقًا لَمْ يَكُنْ يَخُصُّ بِهِ أَحَدًا، وَلَكِنْ بِحَسَبِ اسْتِعْدَادِ الطَّالِبِ، وَلِهَذَا حَفِظَ عَنْهُ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ فِي ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ وَبَعْضِ أُخْرَى مَا لَمْ يَحْفَظْهُ غَيْرُهُ، وَكَانَ اجْتِمَاعُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ بِهِ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ سَائِرِ الصَّحَابَةِ. وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ (٢) : " إِنَّ النَّاسَ مِنْهُ اسْتَفَادُوا الْعُلُومَ (٣) " . فَهَذَا بَاطِلٌ، فَإِنَّ أَهْلَ الْكُوفَةِ - الَّتِي كَانَتْ دَارَهُ - كَانُوا قَدْ تَعَلَّمُوا الْإِيمَانَ، وَالْقُرْآنَ وَتَفْسِيرَهُ، وَالْفِقْهَ، وَالسُّنَّةَ مِنَ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَغَيْرِهِ، قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْدَمَ عَلِيٌّ الْكُوفَةَ. وَإِذَا قِيلَ: إِنَّ أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ (٤) قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ، فَمَعْنَاهُ: عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِلَّا فَأَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ كَانَ (٥) قَدْ حَفِظَ الْقُرْآنَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْدَمَ عَلِيٌّ الْكُوفَةَ، وَهُوَ
(١) س، ب: أَرْبَعِينَ (٢) فِي (ك) ص ١٧٨ (م) ، وَهُوَ تَابِعٌ لِكَلَامِهِ السَّابِقِ (٣) ك: وَمِنْهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ اسْتَفَادَ النَّاسُ الْعِلْمَ (٤) الْأَرْجَحُ أَنَّهُ: أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ حَبِيبِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ السُّلَمِيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ الْقَارِئُ. قَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ (الطَّبَقَاتِ ٦/١٧٢) : " رَوَى عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَعُثْمَانَ ". وَقَالَ ابْنُ حَجَرٍ فِي تَرْجَمَتِهِ (تَهْذِيبِ التَّهْذِيبِ ٥/١٨٣ ١٨٤) : " رَوَى عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ وَعَلِيٍّ وَسَعْدٍ وَخَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ وَابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَحُذَيْفَةَ وَأَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ وَأَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ. . . وَقَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ: تُوُفِّيَ زَمَنَ بِشْرِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ، وَقِيلَ: مَاتَ ٧٢، وَقِيلَ: سَبْعِينَ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ قَانِعٍ: مَاتَ سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ وَثَمَانِينَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ٩٠. . . وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ (٥) كَانَ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (س) . (ب)

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