Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (7/381)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

he assumed leadership of the people and became too occupied with the Muslims’ affairs to engage in trade, he took his sustenance from the wealth of Allah and His Messenger that Allah had allotted to him; he did not subsist on the wealth of any created being.

As for Abū Bakr, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) never gave him anything of this world specifically for him. Rather, in military campaigns Abū Bakr was like everyone else. Indeed, he would draw on his own wealth for whatever he spent on the Muslims. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) appointed him to official duties, yet it is not known that he (1) ever paid him any remuneration. He did, however, give (2) Umar official remuneration and gave (3) Alī some property obtained without battle. He would also give to those whose hearts were being won over from among the pardoned Meccans and the people of Najd, while giving nothing to the earliest and foremost of the Emigrants and Helpers, as he did in distributing the spoils of Hunayn and on other occasions. He would say:

“I give to some men and leave others without giving them, though those I leave are dearer to me than those to whom (4) I give. I give to some men because of the impatience and discontent in their hearts, while I entrust others to the contentment and goodness that Allah has placed in their hearts.” (5)

When remarks from the Helpers reached him, he asked them about them. They replied, “O Messenger of Allah, our men of sound judgment said nothing. But some of our young men said, ‘May Allah forgive the Messenger of Allah! He gives to Quraysh and leaves us out, while our swords are still dripping with their blood.’”

The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

“I give to men who have only recently left disbelief, seeking to win them over. Are you not content that others should depart with wealth while you return to your dwellings with the Messenger of Allah? By Allah, what you return with is better than what they return with.”

They replied, “Yes indeed, O Messenger of

(1) S and B read: “and it is not known of him that he…” (2) Omitted from S and B. (3) Omitted from S and B. (4) N reads: “among those whom.” (5) This hadith was cited earlier at 1/64.

وَلِيَ النَّاسَ، وَاشْتَغَلَ عَنِ التِّجَارَةِ بِعَمَلِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَكَلَ مِنْ مَالِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُ لَمْ يَأْكُلْ مَنْ مَالِ مَخْلُوقٍ. وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ لَمْ يَكُنِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُعْطِيهِ شَيْئًا مِنَ الدُّنْيَا يَخُصُّهُ بِهِ، بَلْ كَانَ فِي الْمَغَازِي كَوَاحِدٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ، بَلْ يَأْخُذُ مِنْ مَالِهِ مَا يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَقَدِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَمَا عَرَفَ أَنَّهُ (١) أَعْطَاهُ عِمَالَةً، وَقَدْ أَعْطَى (٢) عُمَرَ عِمَالَةً، وَأَعْطَى (٣) عَلِيًّا مِنَ الْفَيْءِ، وَكَانَ يُعْطِي الْمُؤَلَّفَةَ قُلُوبُهُمْ مِنَ الطُّلَقَاءِ، وَأَهْلِ نَجْدٍ، وَالسَّابِقُونَ الْأَوَّلُونَ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ لَا يُعْطِيهِمْ، كَمَا فَعَلَ فِي غَنَائِمِ حُنَيْنٍ وَغَيْرِهَا، وَيَقُولُ: " «إِنِّي لَأُعْطِي رِجَالًا، وَأَدَعُ رِجَالًا، وَالَّذِي أَدَعُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنَ الَّذِي (٤) أُعْطِي. أُعْطِي رِجَالًا لِمَا فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مِنَ الْجَزَعِ وَالْهَلَعِ، وَأَكِلُ رِجَالًا إِلَى مَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مِنِ الْغِنَى وَالْخَيْرِ» " . (٥) وَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُ عَنِ الْأَنْصَارِ كَلَامٌ سَأَلَهُمْ عَنْهُ، فَقَالُوا: «يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمَّا ذَوُو الرَّأْيِ مِنَّا فَلَمْ يَقُولُوا شَيْئًا، وَأَمَّا أُنَاسٌ مِنَّا حَدِيثَةٌ أَسْنَانُهُمْ، فَقَالُوا: يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ يُعْطِي قُرَيْشًا، وَيَتْرُكُنَا وَسُيُوفُنَا تَقْطُرُ مِنْ دِمَائِهِمْ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " فَإِنِّي أُعْطِي رِجَالًا حَدِيثِي عَهْدٍ بِكُفْرٍ أَتَأْلَّفُهُمْ، أَفَلَا تَرْضَوْنَ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ النَّاسُ بِالْأَمْوَالِ، وَتَرْجِعُوا إِلَى رِحَالِكُمْ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ، فَوَاللَّهِ لَمَا تَنْقَلِبُونَ بِهِ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا يَنْقَلِبُونَ بِهِ " قَالُوا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ

(١) س، ب: وَمَا عَرَفَ لَهُ أَنَّهُ (٢) : سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (س) ، (ب) (٣) : سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (س) ، (ب) (٤) ن: مِنَ الَّذِينَ (٥) سَبَقَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ فِيمَا مَضَى ١/٦٤