Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (7/362)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

the closing years, in 10 or 9 AH; by unanimous agreement, it did not take place before then. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not engage the Christians in mutual imprecation. Rather, he called upon them to do so, and they asked him for time to consult together. After conferring, they said:

“He is a prophet, and no people have ever engaged a prophet in mutual imprecation without being utterly destroyed.”

They therefore agreed to pay him the jizya and did not proceed with the mutual imprecation. They were the first among the People of the Book to agree to the jizya. Everyone agrees that no bond of brotherhood was established on that day.

Fifth:

The bonds of brotherhood between the Emigrants and the Helpers were established in the first year after the Hijra, in the home of Banū al-Najjār. Several years separated that event from the occasion of mutual imprecation.

Sixth:

He had (1) already paired the Emigrants with the Helpers as brothers. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Alī were both Emigrants, so no bond of brotherhood existed between them. Rather, he paired Alī with Sahl ibn Hunayf as brothers. This shows that he did not take Alī as his own brother. This is also something (2) consistent with what is found in the two Sahīhs: the bonds of brotherhood were established only between the Emigrants and the Helpers, not between one Emigrant and another (3).

Seventh:

His words, “Are you not content to be to me as Aaron was to Moses?” were uttered only once, during the expedition to Tabūk. By agreement of the scholars of hadith, he never said them on any other occasion whatsoever.

As for the hadith concerning allegiance, those who narrated it (4) stated that he said it only once, at Ghadīr Khumm, and that it was never repeated on any other occasion whatsoever (5).

(1) *Kāna* (“was”): omitted from S and B. (2) *Mimmā* (“among that which”): omitted from B. (3) See the preceding discussion in this volume, p. 119. (4) M: *raddūhu* (“they rejected it”), which is a textual corruption; S: *yarwūhu* (“they narrate it”); B: *yarwūnahu* (“they narrate it”). (5) See the preceding discussion, 1/501 (T [0–9]).

آخِرِ الْأَمْرِ سَنَةَ عَشْرٍ أَوْ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ لَمْ يَتَقَدَّمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ بِاتِّفَاقِ النَّاسِ، وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يُبَاهِلِ النَّصَارَى لَكِنْ دَعَاهُمْ إِلَى الْمُبَاهَلَةِ فَاسْتَنْظَرُوهُ حَتَّى يَشْتَوِرُوا فَلَمَّا اشْتَوْرَوْا، قَالُوا: هُوَ نَبِيٌّ، وَمَا بَاهَلَ قَوْمٌ نَبِيًّا إِلَّا اسْتُؤْصِلُوا فَأَقَرُّوا لَهُ بِالْجِزْيَةِ، وَلَمْ يُبَاهِلُوا، وَهُمْ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَقَرَّ بِالْجِزْيَةِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ، وَقَدِ اتَّفَقَ النَّاسُ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ مُؤَاخَاةٌ. الْخَامِسُ: أَنَّ الْمُؤَاخَاةَ بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ كَانَتْ فِي السَّنَةِ الْأُولَى مِنِ الْهِجْرَةِ فِي دَارِ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ، وَبَيْنَ الْمُبَاهَلَةِ وَذَلِكَ عِدَّةُ سِنِينَ. السَّادِسُ: أَنَّهُ كَانَ (١) قَدْ آخَى بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعَلِيٌّ كِلَاهُمَا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمْ مُؤَاخَاةٌ، بَلْ آخَى بَيْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ، فَعُلِمَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُؤَاخِ عَلِيًّا، وَهَذَا مِمَّا (٢) يُوَافِقُ مَا فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ أَنَّ الْمُؤَاخَاةَ إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ لَمْ تَكُنْ بَيْنَ مُهَاجِرِيٍّ وَمُهَاجِرِيٍّ (٣) . السَّابِعُ: أَنَّ قَوْلَهُ: " «أَمَا تَرْضَى أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى» " ، إِنَّمَا قَالَهُ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً لَمْ يَقُلْ ذَلِكَ فِي غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ أَصْلًا بِاتِّفَاقِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالْحَدِيثِ. وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ الْمُوَالَاةِ فَالَّذِينَ رَوَوْهُ (٤) ذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُ قَالَهُ بِغَدِيرِ خُمٍّ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً لَمْ يَتَكَرَّرْ فِي غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ أَصْلًا (٥) .

(١) كَانَ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (س) ، (ب) (٢) مِمَّا: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ب (٣) انْظُرْ مَا سَبَقَ فِي هَذَا الْجُزْءِ ص ١١٩ (٤) م: رَدُّوهُ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ ; س: يَرْوُوهُ ; ب: يَرْوُونَهُ (٥) انْظُرْ مَا سَبَقَ ١/٥٠١ (ت [٠ - ٩] )