16
he appointed Bashīr ibn (Abd) al-Mundhir (1); and when he campaigned against Quraysh and reached (2) al-Furʿ, he placed Ibn Umm Maktūm (3) in charge. Muhammad ibn Saʿd (4) and others have mentioned this.
In sum, it is well known that he never left Medina without first appointing a deputy. Muslims have recorded those whom he appointed. He departed Medina for two ʿumras—the ʿumra of al-Hudaybiyya and the Compensatory ʿumra—for the Farewell Hajj, and for his military expeditions, which numbered more than twenty campaigns. On every one of these occasions, he appointed (5) a deputy. Many men would remain in Medina, and he would place over them whomever he appointed as his deputy. But when the expedition to Tabūk took place, he gave no one permission to stay behind. It was his final military expedition—peace and blessings be upon him—and never had there gathered
(1) M reads: “Bishr ibn al-Mubdala”; N, S, and B: “Bishr ibn al-Mundhir.” He was Abū Lubāba ibn Abd al-Mundhir—may Allah be pleased with him. Ibn Hajar states in *al-Isāba*, 4:167, that his name is disputed. Mūsā ibn Uqba said that his name was Bashīr. . . . Another reading has an unpointed consonant as its first letter and *yā* as its second. Ibn Ishāq said that his name was Rifāa. . . . Likewise, *al-Kashshāf* and other works state in their commentary on al-Anfāl that his name was Marwān. See his biography in *Usud al-Ghāba*, 1:232 and 6:265–267; and *al-Istīāb*, 4:167. For the account of the expedition and the Prophet’s appointment of him, see *Sīrat Ibn Hishām*, 3:52; *Tabaqāt Ibn Sad*, 2:29; and *Imtā al-Asmā*, 1:105.
(2) N, M, and S read: “reached.”
(3) See this account in *Tabaqāt Ibn Sad*, 2:35–36; *Imtā al-Asmā*, 1:107; *Zād al-Maād*, 3:190; *Jawāmi al-Sīra*, p. 152; and *Sīrat Ibn Hishām*, 3:46, where Ibn Hishām states: “He placed Sibā ibn Urfuta al-Ghifārī—or Ibn Umm Maktūm—in charge of Medina.”
(4) M, S, and B read: “Muhammad ibn Saīd,” which is erroneous. He was Abū Abd Allāh Muhammad ibn Sad ibn Manī al-Zuhrī, author of *al-Tabaqāt*. He accompanied the historian al-Wāqidī for a time and became known as the historian associated with al-Wāqidī. He was born in 168 and died in 230. See his biography in *Tahdhīb al-Tahdhīb*, 9:182–183; *Tārīkh Baghdād*, 5:321–322; *Wafayāt al-Ayān*, 3:473; and *al-Alām*, 7:6.
(5) N, S, and B read: “would appoint him as his deputy.”
بَشِيرَ بْنَ
(عَبْدِ)
الْمُنْذِرِ
(١)
، وَلَمَّا غَزَا قُرَيْشًا، وَوَصَلَ
(٢)
إِلَى الْفَرَعِ اسْتَعْمَلَ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ
(٣)
، وَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ
(٤)
وَغَيْرِهِ.
وَبِالْجُمْلَةِ فَمِنَ الْمَعْلُومِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى يَسْتَخْلِفَ، وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مَنْ كَانَ يَسْتَخْلِفُهُ،
فَقَدْ سَافَرَ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فِي عُمْرَتَيْنِ:
عُمْرَةِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ، وَعُمْرَةِ الْقَضَاءِ، وَفِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ، وَفِي مَغَازِيهِ - أَكْثَرَ مِنْ عِشْرِينَ غَزَاةً - وَفِيهَا كُلِّهَا اسْتَخْلَفَ
(٥)
، وَكَانَ يَكُونُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ رِجَالٌ كَثِيرُونَ يَسْتَخْلِفُ عَلَيْهِمْ مَنْ يَسْتَخْلِفُهُ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ لَمْ يَأْذَنْ لِأَحَدٍ فِي التَّخَلُّفِ عَنْهَا، وَهِيَ آخِرُ مَغَازِيهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلَمْ يَجْتَمِعْ
(١) م: بِشْرَ بْنَ الْمُبْدَلَةِ، ن، س، ب: بِشْرَ بْنَ الْمُنْذِرِ، وَهُوَ أَبُو لُبَابَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُنْذِرِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ ابْنُ حَجَرٍ (الْإِصَابَةَ: ٤/١٦٧) مُخْتَلَفٌ فِي اسْمِهِ، قَالَ مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ: اسْمُهُ بَشِيرٌ. .، وَقِيلَ بِالْمُهْمَلَةِ أَوَّلُهُ التَّحْتَانِيَّةِ ثَانِيهِ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: اسْمُهُ رَفَاعَةُ. . .، وَكَذَا قَالَ " الْكَشَّافُ " وَغَيْرُهُ فِي تَفْسِيرِ الْأَنْفَالِ أَنَّ اسْمَهُ مَرْوَانُ، وَانْظُرْ تَرْجَمَتَهُ فِي أُسْدِ الْغَابَةِ ١/٢٣٢، ٦/٢٦٥ - ٢٦٧ الِاسْتِيعَابِ ٤/١٦٧، وَانْظُرْ خَبَرَ الْغَزْوَةِ وَاسْتِعْمَالَهُ لَهُ فِي سِيرَةِ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ ٣/٥٢، طَبَقَاتِ ابْنِ سَعْدٍ ٢/٢٩، إِمْتَاعِ الْأَسْمَاعِ ١/١٠٥
(٢) ن، م، س: وَصَلَ.
(٣) انْظُرْ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ فِي: طَبَقَاتِ ابْنِ سَعْدٍ ٢/٣٥ - ٣٦ إِمْتَاعِ الْأَسْمَاعِ ١/١٠٧، زَادِ الْمَعَادِ ٣/١٩٠ جَوَامِعِ السِّيرَةِ، ص ١٥٢ سِيرَةِ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ ٣/٤٦ وَقَالَ: " وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ سِبَاعَ بْنَ عُرْفُطَةَ الْغِفَارِيَّ، أَوِ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ ".
(٤) م، س، ب: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ، وَهُوَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ مَنِيعٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ صَاحِبُ الطَّبَقَاتِ، صَحِبَ الْوَاقِدِيَّ الْمُؤَرِّخَ زَمَانًا وَعُرِفَ بِمُؤَرِّخِ الْوَاقِدِيَّ، وُلِدَ سَنَةَ ١٦٨ وَتُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ ٢٣٠، انْظُرْ تَرْجَمَتَهُ فِي تَهْذِيبِ التَّهْذِيبِ ٩/١٨٢ - ١٨٣، تَارِيخِ بَغْدَادَ ٥/٣٢١ - ٣٢٢، وَفَيَاتِ الْأَعْيَانِ ٣/٤٧٣، الْأَعْلَامِ ٧/٦
(٥) ن، س، ب: يَسْتَخْلِفُ.