Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (7/275)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

under blockade, and when the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—emigrated, Ibn Abbās had not yet reached the age of discernment, nor was he among those who performed ablution and prayed (1) [with the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—] (2). The Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—died (3) while Ibn Abbās had still not attained puberty. At the time of the Hijra, he was (4) around five years old or younger, and a child of that age is not commanded to perform ablution or prayer. The Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—said:

“Command them to pray at seven, strike them for it at ten, and separate them in their beds.” (5)

A child of this age does not comprehend prayer and cannot memorize such a supplication without prompting; he cannot memorize it merely by hearing it.

Fourth: They had previously claimed, in their discussion of His words, “Your ally is none but Allah and His Messenger” [Sūrat al-Māidah: 55], and of the hadith concerning the giving of a ring in charity during prayer, that the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—made this supplication. Here, however, they state that he made this supplication in Mecca several years before that (6) incident. For that (7) incident was associated with Sūrat al-Māidah, and Sūrat al-Māidah was among the last portions of the Quran to be revealed, whereas this took place in Mecca. So, if (8) he had made this supplication in Mecca and it had been answered, what need was there to make it again in Medina (9) several years later?

(1) B reads: “nor did he pray.” (2) The words in square brackets are an addition in M. (3) “Died” is omitted from M. (4) N, S, and B read: “Thus he was.” (5) This hadith appeared earlier, 6/45. (6) N, S, and B read: “this.” (7) “That” is omitted from M. (8) M reads: “And if.” (9) M reads: “in al-Māidah,” which is a corruption.

مَحْصُورُونَ، وَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَمْ يَكُنِ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بَلَغَ سِنَّ التَّمْيِيزِ، وَلَا كَانَ مِمَّنْ يَتَوَضَّأُ وَيُصَلِّي (١) [مَعَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -] (٢) ، فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مَاتَ (٣) وَهُوَ لَمْ يَحْتَلِمْ بَعْدُ، وَكَانَ (٤) لَهُ عِنْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ نَحْوُ خَمْسِ سِنِينَ أَوْ أَقَلُّ مِنْهَا، وَهَذَا لَا يُؤْمَرُ بِوُضُوءٍ وَلَا صَلَاةٍ ; فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ: " «مُرُوهُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ لِسَبْعٍ، وَاضْرِبُوهُمْ عَلَيْهَا لِعَشْرٍ، وَفَرِّقُوا بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ» " (٥) وَمَنْ يَكُونُ بِهَذَا السِّنِّ لَا يَعْقِلُ الصَّلَاةَ، وَلَا يَحْفَظُ مِثْلَ هَذَا الدُّعَاءِ إِلَّا بِتَلْقِينٍ، لَا يَحْفَظُ بِمُجَرَّدِ السَّمَاعِ. الرَّابِعُ: أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ قَدَّمُوا فِي قَوْلِهِ: {إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ} [سُورَةُ الْمَائِدَةِ: ٥٥] . وَحَدِيثُ التَّصَدُّقِ بِالْخَاتَمِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - دَعَا بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ. وَهُنَا قَدْ ذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُ قَدْ دَعَا بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ بِمَكَّةَ قَبْلَ تِلْكَ (٦) الْوَاقِعَةِ بِسِنِينَ مُتَعَدِّدَةٍ، فَإِنَّ تِلْكَ (٧) كَانَتْ فِي سُورَةِ الْمَائِدَةِ، وَالْمَائِدَةُ مِنْ آخِرِ الْقُرْآنِ نُزُولًا، وَهَذَا فِي مَكَّةَ. فَإِذَا (٨) كَانَ قَدْ دَعَا بِهَذَا فِي مَكَّةَ وَقَدِ اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُ، فَأَيُّ حَاجَةٍ إِلَى الدُّعَاءِ بِهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ (٩) بِسِنِينَ مُتَعَدِّدَةٍ؟ .

(١) ب: وَلَا يُصَلِّي. (٢) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ زِيَادَةٌ فِي (م) . (٣) مَاتَ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (م) . (٤) ن، س، ب: فَكَانَ. (٥) سَبَقَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ فِيمَا مَضَى ٦/٤٥ (٦) ن، س، ب: هَذِهِ. (٧) تِلْكَ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (م) . (٨) م: وَإِذَا. (٩) م: بِالْمَائِدَةِ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ.