Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (7/264)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

for Allah in accordance with what Allah has commanded. Righteous action is what He has commanded, and submitting oneself to Allah means sincerely directing one’s intention to Allah (1).

[Section: The Thirty-Fourth Proof—“And it is He who created a human being from water and made him a relative by blood and marriage”—and the Response to It]

Section

The Rāfidi said (2):

“The thirty-fourth proof is the saying of Allah Most High:

‘And it is He who created a human being from water and made him a relative by blood and marriage.’

[Surah al-Furqān: 54]

In al-Tha‘labī’s Tafsīr, Ibn Sīrīn is reported to have said that it was revealed concerning the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and Alī ibn Abī Tālib (3): the Prophet gave Fātima in marriage to Alī (4), and ‘it is He who created a human being from water and made him a relative by blood and marriage’ (5). No such distinction was established for anyone else; he was therefore superior and must consequently be the Imam” (6).

The response may be given from several angles:

First: The authenticity of this report must be established.

Second: This is unquestionably a lie attributed to Ibn Sīrīn.

Third: A mere statement by Ibn Sīrīn, in which others disagreed with him, does not constitute proof.

Fourth: It should be said that this verse occurs in Surah al-Furqān, which is Meccan. By universal agreement, this is one of the Meccan verses and was revealed before Alī married Fātima. How, then, could Alī and Fātima have been what the verse was intended to refer to?

(1) S and B read: “sincerely devoting himself.” (2) In K, p. 164 (M). (3) K reads: “concerning the Prophet—may Allah bless him and his family—and Alī ibn Abī Tālib—peace be upon him.” (4) K reads: “When he gave Fātima in marriage to Alī—peace be upon them both”; an unclear phrase is written above “when.” (5) The following is written in the margin of K: “That is, He divided kinship into two categories: lineage through males to whom ancestry is traced, and affinity through marriage—that is, through females by whom marital ties are formed. ‘And your Lord is ever powerful’: He creates males and females from a single sperm-drop.” (6) K reads: “Thus he was the Imam—peace be upon him.”

لِلَّهِ بِمَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ، فَالْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ هُوَ الْمَأْمُورُ بِهِ، وَإِسْلَامُ وَجْهِهِ لِلَّهِ إِخْلَاصُ قَصْدِهِ لِلَّهِ (١) . [فصل البرهان الرابع والثلاثون " وَهُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ بَشَرًا فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَبًا وَصِهْرًا " والجواب عليه] فَصْلٌ قَالَ الرَّافِضِيُّ (٢) : " الْبُرْهَانُ الرَّابِعُ وَالثَّلَاثُونَ: قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَهُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ بَشَرًا فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَبًا وَصِهْرًا} [سُورَةُ الْفُرْقَانِ: ٥٤] وَفِي تَفْسِيرِ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ (٣) : زَوَّجَ فَاطِمَةَ عَلِيًّا (٤) ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ بَشَرًا فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَبًا وَصِهْرًا (٥) ، وَلَمْ يَثْبُتْ لِغَيْرِهِ ذَلِكَ، فَكَانَ أَفْضَلَ، فَيَكُونُ هُوَ الْإِمَامَ " (٦) . وَالْجَوَابُ مِنْ وُجُوهٍ: أَوَّلًا: الْمُطَالَبَةُ بِصِحَّةِ النَّقْلِ. وَثَانِيًا: أَنَّ هَذَا كَذِبٌ عَلَى ابْنِ سِيرِينَ بِلَا شَكٍّ. وَثَالِثًا: أَنَّ مُجَرَّدَ قَوْلِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ الَّذِي خَالَفَهُ فِيهِ النَّاسُ لَيْسَ بِحُجَّةٍ. الرَّابِعُ: أَنْ يُقَالَ: هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي سُورَةِ الْفُرْقَانِ، وَهِيَ مَكِّيَّةٌ. وَهَذَا مِنَ الْآيَاتِ الْمَكِّيَّةِ بِاتِّفَاقِ النَّاسِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ عَلِيٌّ بِفَاطِمَةَ، فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ قَدْ أُرِيدَ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ وَفَاطِمَةُ؟ .

(١) س، ب: إِخْلَاصُ وَجْهِهِ. (٢) فِي (ك) ص ١٦٤ (م) . (٣) ك: فِي النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ. (٤) ك: إِذَا (وَفَوْقَهَا كُتِبَتْ عِبَارَةٌ غَيْرُ وَاضِحَةٍ) زَوَّجَ فَاطِمَةَ عَلِيًّا عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ. (٥) فِي هَامِشِ (ك) كُتِبَ مَا يَلِي: أَيْ فَجَعَلَ النِّسْبَةَ قِسْمَيْنِ: فِي نِسْبَةٍ ذُكُورًا يُنْسَبُ إِلَيْهِمْ، وَصِهْرًا، أَيْ إِنَاثًا يُصَاهَرُ بِهِنَّ، وَكَانَ رَبُّكَ قَدِيرًا، يَخْلُقُ مِنَ النُّطْفَةِ الْوَاحِدَةِ ذَكَرًا وَأُنْثَى. (٦) ك: فَكَانَ هُوَ الْإِمَامَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ.