Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (7/236)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

Moreover, Alī did not take part alongside the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—in public affairs as Abū Bakr did, such as deliberations concerning his administration, military campaigns, grants, and other matters. Abū Bakr and Umar—may Allah be pleased with them both—were with the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—like his two ministers. He consulted them (1) about what should be done with the prisoners of Badr; he consulted them (2) about the delegation of Banū Tamīm and whom he should appoint over them; and he consulted them (3) on other public affairs, singling them out for consultation.

It is related in the two Sahīh collections from Alī that when Umar died, Alī said to him:

“By Allah, I truly hope that Allah will gather you with your two companions, for I often heard Allah’s Messenger—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—say: ‘I entered with Abū Bakr and Umar, I went out with Abū Bakr and Umar, and I went with Abū Bakr and Umar.’” (4).

He would single out Abū Bakr (5) for consultation on matters concerning his military campaigns, just as he consulted him about the incident of the Slander, just as (6) he consulted Usāma ibn Zayd, and just as he questioned Barīra. This affair was personal to the Prophet: when uncertainty arose for him regarding Aisha and he was undecided whether to divorce her on account of what had reached him concerning her or to retain her, he began asking Barīra about her so that she might tell him what Aisha was like in private, and he sought Alī’s counsel concerning her: should he retain her or divorce her? Usāma told him, “Your wife—we know nothing but good of her.” Alī said, “Allah has not constrained you; there are many women besides her. Ask the maidservant, and she will tell you the truth.” And despite

(1) N, M, and S read: “he would consult them both.” (2) N and S read: “and he would consult them both”; M reads: “and he would consult them.” (3) N and M read: “and he would consult them both.” (4) This hadith will be cited in full later in this volume, p. 391, if Allah wills. See my discussion of it there. (5) M reads: “He would consult Alī”; this is an error. (6) B reads: “and just as.”

وَأَيْضًا فَعَلِيٌّ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَدْخُلُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي الْأُمُورِ الْعَامَّةِ كَمَا كَانَ يَدْخُلُ مَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، مِثْلَ الْمُشَاوَرَةِ فِي وِلَايَتِهِ وَحُرُوبِهِ وَإِعْطَائِهِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ، فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا - كَانَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِثْلَ الْوَزِيرَيْنِ لَهُ، شَاوَرَهُمَا (١) فِي أَسْرَى بَدْرٍ مَا يَصْنَعُ بِهِمْ، وَشَاوَرَهُمَا (٢) فِي وَفْدِ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ لِمَنْ يُوَلِّي عَلَيْهِمْ، وَشَاوَرَهُمَا (٣) فِي غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْأُمُورِ الْعَامَّةِ يَخُصُّهُمَا بِالشُّورَى. وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّ عُمَرَ لَمَّا مَاتَ قَالَ لَهُ: " وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَحْشُرَكَ اللَّهُ مَعَ صَاحِبَيْكَ ; فَإِنِّي كُنْتُ كَثِيرًا مَا أَسْمَعُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَقُولُ: " «دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ، وَخَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ، وَذَهَبْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ» " (٤) . وَكَانَ يُشَاوِرُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ (٥) بِأُمُورِ حُرُوبِهِ يَخُصُّهُ، كَمَا شَاوَرَهُ فِي قِصَّةِ الْإِفْكِ، كَمَا (٦) اسْتَشَارَ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ، وَكَمَا سَأَلَ بَرِيرَةَ. وَهَذَا أَمْرٌ يَخُصُّهُ ; فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا اشْتَبَهَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرُ عَائِشَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا -، وَتَرَدَّدَ هَلْ يُطَلِّقُ لِمَا بَلَغَهُ عَنْهَا أَمْ يُمْسِكُهَا، صَارَ يَسْأَلُ عَنْهَا بَرِيرَةَ لِتُخْبِرَهُ بِبَاطِنِ أَمْرِهَا، وَيُشَاوِرُ فِيهَا عَلِيًّا: أَيُمْسِكُهَا أَمْ يُطَلِّقُهَا؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ أُسَامَةُ: «أَهْلُكَ وَلَا نَعْلَمُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا» ، وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: «لَمْ يُضَيِّقِ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ، وَالنِّسَاءُ سِوَاهَا كَثِيرٌ، وَاسْأَلِ الْجَارِيَةَ تَصْدُقْكَ» . وَمَعَ

(١) ن، م، س: يُشَاوِرُهُمَا. (٢) ن، س: وَيُشَاوِرُهُمَا، م: وَيُشَاوِرُهُمْ. (٣) ن، م: وَيُشَاوِرُهُمَا. (٤) سَيَرِدُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ كَامِلًا فِيمَا بَعْدُ فِي هَذَا الْجُزْءِ ص ٣٩١ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَانْظُرْ كَلَامِي عَلَيْهِ هُنَاكَ. (٥) م: وَكَانَ يُشَاوِرُ عَلِيًّا، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ. (٦) ب: وَكَمَا.