Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (7/188)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

[namely, Muhammad—may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace] (1); regarding ‘and believed in it,’ he said: ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib.’ It is also reported through the Shāfiʿī jurist, from Mujāhid (2), regarding the words ‘The one who brought the truth and believed in it.’ He said: ‘Muhammad—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—brought it, and Alī believed in it.’ This is a virtue unique to him, and so he is the Imam.”

The response may be given in several ways:

First: This is not reported from the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Mujāhid’s statement alone is not authoritative proof that every Muslim is obliged to follow, even if (3) this report were authentically transmitted from him. How much less so when it is not established from him?! For he was known to lie frequently (4).

What is reliably reported from Mujāhid (5), however, contradicts this: “the truth” means the Quran, while “the one who believed in it” is any believer who acts upon it. He thus understood the verse as applying generally. Al-Tabarī [and others] (6) narrated this from Mujāhid, who said (7): “They are the people of the Quran; they will come [with it] (8) on the Day of Resurrection,

(1) The text in square brackets appears only in K. (2) K reads: “…Mujāhid, regarding the words of Allah Most High…” (3) S and B read: “even if it were”; this is a corruption. (4) N, M, and S read *kathrati* (“frequency of”), without the prefixed *bi-*. (5) Abū al-Hajjāj Mujāhid ibn Jabr al-Makkī was a Successor (*tābiʿī*) and Quran exegete from Mecca. He was born in 21 AH and died in 104 AH. Al-Dhahabī states in *Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ*: “The imam and shaykh of Quran reciters and exegetes.… Abū Bakr ibn ʿAyyāsh said: ‘I asked al-Aʿmash, “Why were they wary of Mujāhid’s tafsīr?” He replied, “They believed that he used to question the People of the Book.”’ Ibn Khirāsh said: ‘Mujāhid’s hadith reports from ʿAlī and ʿĀʾisha are *marāsīl* (disconnected reports).’” See Mujāhid’s biography in *Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ*, 4/449–457, Muʾassasat al-Risāla ed., Beirut, 1401/1981; *Mīzān al-Iʿtidāl*, 3/439–440; *Hilyat al-Awliyāʾ*, 3/279–310; and *al-Aʿlām*, 6/161. (6) The words “and others” are an addition in M. (7) *Tafsīr al-Tabarī* (Būlāq ed.), 24/4. (8) The words “with it” appear in N and in *Tafsīr al-Tabarī*.

[: مُحَمَّدٌ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَآلُهُ] (١) {وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ} : قَالَ: عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. وَمِنْ طَرِيقِ الْفَقِيهِ الشَّافِعِيِّ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ (٢) : {وَالَّذِي جَاءَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ} قَالَ: جَاءَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ. وَهَذِهِ فَضِيلَةٌ اخْتُصَّ بِهَا، فَيَكُونُ هُوَ الْإِمَامَ ". وَالْجَوَابُ مِنْ وُجُوهٍ: أَحَدُهَا: أَنَّ هَذَا لَيْسَ مَنْقُولًا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -، وَقَوْلُ مُجَاهِدٍ وَحْدَهُ لَيْسَ بِحُجَّةٍ يَجِبُ اتِّبَاعُهَا عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ، لَوْ كَانَ (٣) هَذَا النَّقْلُ صَحِيحًا عَنْهُ، فَكَيْفَ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ ثَابِتًا عَنْهُ؟ ! فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عُرِفَ بِكَثْرَةِ (٤) الْكَذِبِ. وَالثَّابِتُ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ (٥) خِلَافُ هَذَا، وَهُوَ أَنَّ الصِّدْقَ هُوَ الْقُرْآنُ، وَالَّذِي صَدَّقَ بِهِ هُوَ الْمُؤْمِنُ الَّذِي عَمِلَ بِهِ، فَجَعَلَهَا عَامَّةً. رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرِيُّ [وَغَيْرُهُ] (٦) عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ (٧) : هُمْ أَهْلُ الْقُرْآنِ يَجِيئُونَ [بِهِ] (٨) يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ،

(١) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ فِي (ك) فَقَطْ. (٢) ك:. . مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى. . . (٣) س، ب: وَلَوْ كَانَ وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ. (٤) ن، م، س: كَثْرَةِ. (٥) أَبُو الْحَجَّاجِ مُجَاهِدُ بْنُ جَبْرٍ الْمَكِّيُّ، تَابِعِيٌّ، مُفَسِّرٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، وُلِدَ سَنَةَ ٢١ وَتُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ ١٠٤ قَالَ الذَّهَبِيُّ فِي " سِيَرِ أَعْلَامِ النُّبَلَاءِ "، " الْإِمَامُ شَيْخُ الْقُرَّاءِ الْمُفَسِّرِينَ. .، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: قُلْتُ لِلْأَعْمَشَ: مَا بَالُهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ تَفْسِيرَ مُجَاهِدٍ؟ قَالَ: كَانُوا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُ يَسْأَلُ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ. قَالَ ابْنُ خِرَاشٍ: أَحَادِيثُ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَعَائِشَةَ مَرَاسِيلُ "، انْظُرْ تَرْجَمَةَ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي " سِيَرِ أَعْلَامِ النُّبَلَاءِ " ٤/٤٤٩ - ٤٥٧، طَبْعَةِ مُؤَسَّسَةِ الرِّسَالَةِ، بَيْرُوتَ ١٤٠١ ١٩٨١، مِيزَانِ الِاعْتِدَالِ ٣/٤٣٩ - ٤٤٠ حِلْيَةِ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ ٣/٢٧٩ - ٣١٠ الْأَعْلَامِ ٦/١٦١. (٦) وَغَيْرُهُ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (م) . (٧) فِي تَفْسِيرِ الطَّبَرِيِّ (ط. بُولَاقَ) ٢٤/٤ (٨) بِهِ: فِي (ن) وَفِي تَفْسِيرِ الطَّبَرِيِّ.