Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

later ignorant [Rāfidis] (1), who lived during the era of Nūr al-Dīn and Salāh al-Dīn, when much of Syria was in Christian hands and Egypt was in the hands of the heretical Qarmatians, the remnants of Banū Ubayd. Accordingly, prophecies suited to those circumstances were set forth in ignorant, vulgar verse.

The same is true of this slave-girl, Fidda. It is established in the two Sahihs, on the authority of Alī, “that Fātima asked the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—for a servant. He taught her, at bedtime, to glorify Allah 33 times, magnify Him 33 times, and praise Him 34 times. He said, ‘This is better for you than a servant.’ Alī said, ‘I have never neglected them since I heard them from the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace.’ He was asked, ‘Not even on the night of Siffīn?’ He replied, ‘Not even on the night of Siffīn.’” This report is authentic by agreement of the scholars (2), and it indicates that the Prophet did not give her a servant. If, after that (3), she acquired a servant (4), that is possible; but her servant’s name [was not] (5) Fidda, beyond any doubt.

The Seventh Point:

It is established in the Sahih, concerning one of the Ansār, that he gave preference to

(1) “Rāfidis” occurs only in M. (2) The hadith—with slight variations in wording—is narrated from Alī ibn Abī Tālib, may Allah be pleased with him, in al-Bukhārī, 5/19 (Book of the Virtues of the Prophet’s Companions…, chapter “The Merits of Alī ibn Abī Tālib”) and 3/65 (Book of Maintenance, chapter “A Woman’s Servant”); Muslim, 4/2091–2092 (Book of Remembrance and Supplication…, chapter “Glorification at the Beginning of the Day and at Bedtime”); Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 4/430 (Book of Etiquette, chapter “Glorification at Bedtime”); and Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 5/142 (Book of Supplications, chapter “What Has Been Reported Concerning Glorification, Magnification, and Praise at Bedtime”). (3) “After” is absent from S and B. (4) S and B read: khādiman (“a servant,” in the accusative). (5) “Was not” occurs only in B.
مُتَأَخِّرِي الْجُهَّالِ [الرَّافِضَةِ] (١) ، الَّذِينَ كَانُوا زَمَنَ نُورِ الدِّينِ وَصَلَاحِ الدِّينِ، لَمَّا كَانَ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الشَّامِ بِأَيْدِي النَّصَارَى، وَمِصْرُ بِأَيْدِي الْقَرَامِطَةِ الْمَلَاحِدَةِ بَقَايَا بَنِي عُبَيْدٍ، فَذُكِرَ مِنَ الْمَلَاحِمِ مَا يُنَاسِبُ تِلْكَ الْأُمُورَ بِنَظْمٍ جَاهِلٍ عَامِّيٍّ. وَهَكَذَا هَذِهِ الْجَارِيَةُ فِضَّةٌ. وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ «أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ سَأَلَتِ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - خَادِمًا، فَعَلَّمَهَا أَنْ تُسَبِّحَ عِنْدَ الْمَنَامِ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَتُكَبِّرَ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ وَتَحْمَدَ أَرْبَعًا وَثَلَاثِينَ. وَقَالَ: " هَذَا خَيْرٌ لَكِ مِنْ خَادِمٍ " قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: فَمَا تَرَكْتُهُنَّ مُنْذُ سَمِعْتُهُنَّ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -. قِيلَ لَهُ: وَلَا لَيْلَةَ صِفِّينَ؟ قَالَ: وَلَا لَيْلَةَ صِفِّينَ» ". وَهَذَا خَبَرٌ صَحِيحٌ بِاتِّفَاقِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ (٢) ، وَهُوَ يَقْتَضِي أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُعْطِهَا خَادِمًا. فَإِنْ كَانَ بَعْدَ (٣) ذَلِكَ حَصَلَ خَادِمٌ (٤) فَهُوَ مُمْكِنٌ، لَكِنْ [لَمْ يَكُنْ] (٥) اسْمُ خَادِمِهَا فِضَّةً بِلَا رَيْبٍ. الْوَجْهُ السَّابِعُ: أَنَّهُ قَدْ ثَبَتَ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ بَعْضِ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَّهُ آثَرَ
(١) الرَّافِضَةِ فِي (م) فَقَطْ. (٢) الْحَدِيثُ - مَعَ اخْتِلَافٍ يَسِيرٍ فِي الْأَلْفَاظِ - عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي الْبُخَارِيِّ ٥/١٩ (كِتَابُ فَضَائِلِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ. . . بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ) ٣/٦٥ (كِتَابُ النَّفَقَاتِ، بَابُ خَادِمِ الْمَرْأَةِ) ، مُسْلِمٍ ٤/٢٠٩١ - ٢٠٩٢ (كِتَابُ الذِّكْرِ وَالدُّعَاءِ. . .، بَابُ التَّسْبِيحِ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ وَعِنْدَ النَّوْمِ) ، سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٤/٤٣٠ (كِتَابُ الْأَدَبِ، بَابٌ فِي التَّسْبِيحِ عِنْدَ النَّوْمِ) ، سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٥/١٤٢ (كِتَابُ الدَّعَوَاتِ، بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي التَّسْبِيحِ وَالتَّكْبِيرِ وَالتَّحْمِيدِ عِنْدَ النَّوْمِ) . (٣) بَعْدَ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (س) ، (ب) . (٤) س، ب: خَادِمًا (٥) لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي (ب) فَقَطْ.

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