Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (7/137)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

The third aspect is that(1) his statement:

“Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds”

[Surah Maryam: 96]

applies generally to all believers. The verse may therefore not be restricted to Alī; rather, it includes Alī and others(2). The proof of this is that(3) al-Hasan, al-Husayn, and the other believers whom the Shia revere are included in the verse. Thus, there is consensus that it is not exclusive to Alī.

As for his statement:

“The same has not been established for any other Companion,”

this is not conceded, as explained above. They were the best generation. Those among them who believed and performed righteous deeds are therefore superior to their counterparts in all other generations. Moreover, they form a greater proportion of the Companions than their counterparts do of any other generation.

The fourth aspect is that Allah has declared that He will appoint affection for those who believe and perform righteous deeds. This is a true promise from Him. It is well known that Allah has placed affection for the Companions in the heart of every Muslim—especially for the caliphs, may Allah be pleased with them, and above all for Abū Bakr and Umar. The Companions and Successors generally loved them both(4), and they(5) were the best generations. The same was not true of Alī, for many of the Companions and Successors hated him

(1) “That” is omitted from S and B. (2) See Ibn Kathīr’s commentary on the verse and the authentic hadith he cites there. Abū Hurayra narrated that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “When Allah loves a servant, He calls Gabriel and says, ‘I have loved so-and-so, so love him.’ Gabriel then proclaims this in heaven, after which Allah sends down love for that person among the people of the earth. This is the meaning of Allah Almighty’s words: ‘Indeed, those who believe and perform righteous deeds—the Most Merciful will appoint affection for them.’” Ibn Kathīr said: “It was also narrated by Muslim and al-Tirmidhī, both from Abd Allah, from Qutayba, from al-Darāwardī, through the same chain. Al-Tirmidhī classified it as *hasan sahih* (good and authentic).” (3) N and S read: “The proof that”; B reads: “The proof of this is that.” (4) N, M, and S read: “loved them both.” (5) M reads: “and they both.”

الثَّالِثُ: أَنَّ (١) قَوْلَهُ: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ} [سُورَةُ مَرْيَمَ: ٩٦] عَامٌّ فِي جَمِيعِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، فَلَا يَجُوزُ تَخْصِيصُهَا بِعَلِيٍّ، بَلْ هِيَ مُتَنَاوِلَةٌ لِعَلِيٍّ وَغَيْرِهِ (٢) ، وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّ (٣) الْحَسَنَ وَالْحُسَيْنَ وَغَيْرَهُمَا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ تُعَظِّمُهُمُ الشِّيعَةُ دَاخِلُونَ فِي الْآيَةِ، فَعُلِمَ بِذَلِكَ الْإِجْمَاعُ عَلَى عَدَمِ اخْتِصَاصِهَا بِعَلِيٍّ. وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: " وَلَمْ يَثْبُتْ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ لِغَيْرِهِ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ " فَمَمْنُوعٌ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ، فَإِنَّهُمْ خَيْرُ الْقُرُونِ، فَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فِيهِمْ أَفْضَلُ مِنْهُمْ فِي سَائِرِ الْقُرُونِ، وَهُمْ بِالنِّسْبَةِ إِلَيْهِمْ أَكْثَرُ مِنْهُمْ فِي كُلِّ قَرْنٍ بِالنِّسْبَةِ إِلَيْهِ. الرَّابِعُ: أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ سَيَجْعَلُ لِلَّذِينِ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وُدًّا. وَهَذَا وَعْدٌ مِنْهُ صَادِقٌ. وَمَعْلُومٌ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ جَعَلَ لِلصَّحَابَةِ مَوَدَّةً فِي قَلْبِ كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ، لَا سِيَّمَا الْخُلَفَاءُ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ -، لَا سِيَّمَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ ; فَإِنَّ عَامَّةَ الصَّحَابَةِ وَالتَّابِعِينَ كَانُوا يَوَدُّونَهُمَا (٤) ، وَكَانُوا (٥) خَيْرَ الْقُرُونِ. وَلَمْ يَكُنْ كَذَلِكَ عَلِيٌّ، فَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ وَالتَّابِعِينَ كَانُوا يُبْغِضُونَهُ

(١) أَنَّ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (س) ، (ب) . (٢) انْظُرْ تَفْسِيرَ ابْنِ كَثِيرٍ لِلْآيَةِ وَانْظُرِ الْحَدِيثَ الصَّحِيحَ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ فِي تَفْسِيرِ الْآيَةِ، وَهُوَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِذَا أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ عَبْدًا نَادَى جِبْرِيلَ: إِنِّي قَدْ أَحْبَبْتُ فُلَانًا فَأَحِبَّهُ، فَيُنَادِي فِي السَّمَاءِ، ثُمَّ يُنْزِلُ لَهُ الْمَحَبَّةَ فِي أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ سَيَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ الرَّحْمَنُ وُدًّا، قَالَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ: " وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ، كِلَاهُمَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ، عَنِ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيِّ بِهِ، وَقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. (٣) ن، س: وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى أَنَّ، ب: وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَنَّ. (٤) ن، م، س: يَوَدُّوهُمَا. (٥) م: وَهُمَا.