Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (7/133)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

[Surah al-Baqarah: 124].

The Shāfi‘ī jurist Ibn al-Maghāzilī (1) narrated from Ibn Masūd (2), who said: The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: ‘The supplication culminated in me and Ali. Neither of us ever prostrated before an idol; thus, He appointed me a prophet and appointed Ali a legatee.’ This is an explicit text on the matter.”

The response may be given from several angles:

First: Its authenticity must be established, as explained above.

Second: This hadith is a fabricated lie by consensus of the scholars (3).

See: Zād al-Masīr, 1:139–141; al-Durr al-Manthūr by al-Suyūtī, 1:118.

Third: The statement, “The supplication culminated in us,” cannot legitimately be attributed to the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace. If what is meant is that the supplication did not extend to anyone before us, this is impossible, because the prophets among Abraham’s descendants were included in the supplication. Allah Most High said:

“We bestowed upon him Isaac, and Jacob as an additional gift, and made them all righteous. We made them leaders who guided by Our command, and We inspired them to perform good deeds, establish prayer, and give alms.”

[Surah al-Anbiyā: 72–73]

And Allah Most High said:

“We gave Moses the Scripture and made it a guidance for the Children of Israel.”

[Surah al-Isrā: 2].

And He said concerning the Children of Israel:

“We made from among them leaders who guided by Our command when they remained steadfast and had certainty in Our signs.”

[Surah al-Sajdah: 24]

(1) B: Ibn al-Maghāzī. (2) K: “With his chain of transmission, from Abd Allah ibn Masūd.” (3) As for the hadith, I could not locate this fabricated hadith. See Ibn Kathīr’s Tafsīr on this verse, 1:237; al-Sha‘b ed., pp. 237–242. Commenting on the words of Allah Most High, “He said, ‘And from among my descendants?’ He said, ‘My covenant does not extend to the wrongdoers,’” Ibn Kathīr wrote: “When Allah made Abraham an imām (leader), Abraham asked Allah to appoint the imāms after him from among his descendants. His request was granted, but he was informed that there would be wrongdoers among his descendants, that Allah’s covenant would not extend to them, and that they would not be imāms and therefore should not be followed.”

[سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ: ١٢٤] . رَوَى الْفَقِيهُ ابْنُ الْمَغَازِلِيِّ (١) الشَّافِعِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ (٢) ، قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: «انْتَهَتِ الدَّعْوَةُ إِلَيَّ وَإِلَى عَلِيٍّ، لَمْ يَسْجُدْ أَحَدُنَا لِصَنَمٍ قَطُّ، فَاتَّخِذْنِي نَبِيًّا وَاتَّخِذْ عَلِيًّا وَصِيًّا» . وَهَذَا نَصٌّ فِي الْبَابِ ". وَالْجَوَابُ مِنْ وُجُوهٍ: أَحَدُهَا: الْمُطَالَبَةُ بِصِحَّةِ هَذَا كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ. الثَّانِي: أَنَّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ كَذِبٌ مَوْضُوعٌ بِإِجْمَاعِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ (٣) . وانظر: زاد المسير ١ ١٣٩ - ١٤١، الدر المنثور للسيوطي ١ ١١٨. الثَّالِثُ: أَنَّ قَوْلَهُ: " انْتَهَتِ الدَّعْوَةُ إِلَيْنَا " كَلَامٌ لَا يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُنْسَبَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -، فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ أُرِيدَ: أَنَّهَا لَمْ تُصِبْ مَنْ قَبْلَنَا كَانَ مُمْتَنِعًا ; لِأَنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ دَخَلُوا فِي الدَّعْوَةِ. قَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ نَافِلَةً وَكُلًّا جَعَلْنَا صَالِحِينَ وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فِعْلَ الْخَيْرَاتِ وَإِقَامَ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءَ الزَّكَاةِ} [سُورَةُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ: ٧٢ - ٧٣] وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَآتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ وَجَعَلْنَاهُ هُدًى لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ} [سُورَةُ الْإِسْرَاءِ: ٢] . وَقَالَ عَنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ: {وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا لَمَّا صَبَرُوا وَكَانُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يُوقِنُونَ} [سُورَةُ السَّجْدَةِ: ٢٤]

(١) ب: ابْنُ الْمُغَازِيِّ. (٢) ك: بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ. (٣) بِالْحَدِيثِ لَمْ أَجِدْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ الْمَوْضُوعَ، وَانْظُرْ تَفْسِيرَ ابْنِ كَثِيرٍ لِلْآيَةِ " ١ \ \ ٢٣٧ ٢٣٧ - ٢٤٢ " ط. الشَّعْبِ "، وَقَالَ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: قَالَ وَمِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي قَالَ لَا يَنَالُ عَهْدِي الظَّالِمِينَ " لَمَّا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِمَامًا سَأَلَ اللَّهَ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ، فَأُجِيبَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ، وَأُخْبِرَ أَنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ ظَالِمُونَ، وَأَنَّهُ لَا يَنَالُهُمْ عَهْدُ اللَّهِ، وَلَا يَكُونُونَ أَئِمَّةً فَلَا يُقْتَدَى بِهِمْ "