Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

concerning them:

“Whoever among you commits a manifest indecency will have her punishment doubled.”

[Surah al-Ahzāb: 30]

Purification from sin occurs either when the servant refrains from committing it or when he repents of it, as in His words:

“Take charity from their wealth to purify them and cause them to grow thereby.”

[Surah al-Tawbah: 103]

[But] (1) the purity that Allah commands and wills from the outset entails His prohibition of indecency; it does not entail permitting it under any circumstances. Rather, Glorified is He, He forbids it and commands anyone who commits it to repent of it.

It is authentically reported that the Prophet used to say:

“O Allah, set me far apart from my sins (2), just as You have set the east far apart from the west. Wash me with snow, hail, and cold water. O Allah, cleanse me of sins just as a white garment is cleansed of stains” (3).

It is recorded in the two Sahih collections that, during the incident of the slander, he said to Aisha—may Allah be pleased with her—before the Prophet learned of her innocence, when he had become doubtful about her situation:

“O Aisha, if you are innocent, Allah will surely vindicate you; but if you have committed [a sin] (4)

(1) “But” is omitted from N, S, and B. (2) M: *khatāya* (“my sins”). (3) The hadith—with some variation in wording—is narrated from Abū Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, in al-Bukhārī, 1/145 (Book of the Call to Prayer, chapter “What Is Said after the Takbīr”); Muslim, 1/419 (Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer, chapter “What Is Said between the Opening Takbīr and the Recitation”); Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 1/288–289 (Book of Prayer, chapter “The Pause at the Opening”); and Sunan al-Nasā’ī, 1/45 (Book of Purification, chapter “Performing Ablution with Snow”). The hadith also appears in the Sunan works of Ibn Mājah and al-Dārimī and in the Musnad of Ahmad. (4) “A sin” is omitted from N, S, and B.
فِيهَا: {مَنْ يَأْتِ مِنْكُنَّ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ يُضَاعَفْ لَهَا الْعَذَابُ ضِعْفَيْنِ} [سُورَةُ الْأَحْزَابِ: ٣٠] وَالتَّطْهِيرُ عَنِ الذَّنْبِ إِمَّا بِأَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَهُ الْعَبْدُ، وَإِمَّا بِأَنْ يَتُوبَ مِنْهُ كَمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ: {خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِمْ بِهَا} [سُورَةُ التَّوْبَةِ: ١٠٣] [لَكِنْ] (١) مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنَ الطَّهَارَةِ ابْتِدَاءً وَإِرَادَةً فَإِنَّهُ يَتَضَمَّنُ نَهْيَهُ عَنِ الْفَاحِشَةِ، لَا يَتَضَمَّنُ الْإِذْنَ فِيهَا بِحَالٍ، لَكِنْ هُوَ سُبْحَانَهُ يَنْهَى عَنْهَا، وَيَأْمُرُ مَنْ فَعَلَهَا بِأَنْ يَتُوبَ مِنْهَا. وَفِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ بَاعِدْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ خَطَايَايَ (٢) كَمَا بَاعَدْتَ بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ، وَاغْسِلْنِي بِالثَّلْجِ وَالْبَرَدِ وَالْمَاءِ الْبَارِدِ، اللَّهُمَّ نَقِّنِي مِنَ الْخَطَايَا كَمَا يُنَقَّى الثَّوْبُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الدَّنَسِ» (٣) . وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِعَائِشَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - فِي قِصَّةِ الْإِفْكِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَعْلَمَ النَّبِيُّ بَرَاءَتَهَا، وَكَانَ قَدِ ارْتَابَ فِي أَمْرِهَا، فَقَالَ: «يَا عَائِشَةُ، إِنْ كُنْتِ بَرِيئَةً فَسَيُبَرِّئُكِ اللَّهُ، وَإِنْ كُنْتِ أَلْمَمْتِ [بِذَنْبٍ] (٤)
(١) لَكِنْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (س) ، (ب) . (٢) م: خَطَايَ. (٣) الْحَدِيثَ - مَعَ اخْتِلَافٍ فِي الْأَلْفَاظِ -، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ١/١٤٥ (كِتَابُ الْأَذَانِ بَابُ مَا يَقُولُ بَعْدَ التَّكْبِيرِ) ، مُسْلِمٍ ١/٤١٩ (كِتَابُ الْمَسَاجِدِ وَمَوَاضِعِ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابُ مَا يُقَالُ بَيْنَ تَكْبِيرِ الْإِحْرَامِ وَالْقِرَاءَةِ، سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ١/٢٨٨ - ٢٨٩ كِتَابُ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابُ السَّكْتَةِ عِنْدَ الِافْتِتَاحِ، سُنَنِ النَّسَائِيِّ ١/٤٥ كِتَابُ الطَّهَارَةِ، بَابُ الْوُضُوءِ بِالثَّلْجِ، وَالْحَدِيثُ فِي سُنَنِ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ وَالدَّارِمِيِّ وَمُسْنَدِ أَحْمَدَ. (٤) بِذَنْبٍ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (س) ، (ب) .

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