Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (7/44)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

The Second Point:

We say (1): The very text of this hadith contains many indications that it is a lie. It relates that when the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—was at a pool called Khumm, he summoned the people and they gathered. He then took hold of both of Alī’s hands and said:

“Whoever has me as his patron has Alī as his patron.”

News of this then spread far and wide throughout the lands and reached al-Hārith ibn al-Nuʿmān al-Fihrī. He rode his she-camel to the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—who was at al-Abtah among an assembly of the Companions. He stated that they had obeyed his command to profess the two testimonies of faith and to observe prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and pilgrimage. He then said:

“Was all this not enough for you, that you raised your cousin by both upper arms, thereby preferring him to us, and said, ‘Whoever has me as his patron has Alī as his patron’? Is this from you or (2) from Allah?”

The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—replied, “It is by Allah’s command (3).” Al-Hārith ibn al-Nuʿmān then turned away and headed toward his mount, saying:

“O Allah, if this is indeed the truth from You, then rain stones down upon us from the sky or bring us a painful punishment.”

Before he reached it, Allah struck him with a stone. It landed on the crown of his head and came out through his backside, killing him. Allah then revealed:

“A petitioner asked for a punishment bound to befall the disbelievers.”

[Surah al-Maārij: 1–2]—to the end of the verse.

It should be said to these liars: Everyone unanimously agrees that the Prophet’s statement—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—at Ghadīr Khumm (4) was made as he returned from the Farewell Pilgrimage. The Shia acknowledge this and treat that day as a festival: the eighteenth of Dhū al-Hijja. After that, the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—did not return to Mecca. Rather, he returned from the Farewell Pilgrimage to Medina, lived through the remainder of Dhū al-Hijja as well as Muharram and Safar, and died at the beginning of Rabī al-Awwal.

(1) (N) reads: *an taqūla* (“that you say”). (2) (S) and (B) read: *aw* (“or”). (3) (M) reads: “It is a command from Allah.” (4) The phrase *bi-Ghadīr Khumm* (“at Ghadīr Khumm”) is omitted from (M).

الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي: أَنْ نَقُولَ (١) : فِي نَفْسِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ كَذِبٌ مِنْ وُجُوهٍ كَثِيرَةٍ ; فَإِنَّ فِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَمَّا كَانَ بِغَدِيرٍ يُدْعَى خُمًّا نَادَى النَّاسَ فَاجْتَمَعُوا، فَأَخَذَ بِيَدَيْ عَلِيٍّ وَقَالَ: مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ، وَأَنَّ هَذَا قَدْ شَاعَ وَطَارَ بِالْبِلَادِ، وَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ النُّعْمَانِ الْفِهْرِيَّ، وَأَنَّهُ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى نَاقَتِهِ وَهُوَ فِي الْأَبْطَحِ وَأَتَى وَهُوَ فِي مَلَأٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ، فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُمُ امْتَثَلُوا أَمْرَهُ بِالشَّهَادَتَيْنِ وَالصَّلَاةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ وَالصِّيَامِ وَالْحَجِّ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " أَلَمْ تَرْضَى بِهَذَا حَتَّى رَفَعْتَ بِضَبْعَيِ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ تُفَضِّلُهُ عَلَيْنَا " وَقُلْتَ: «مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فِعَلِيٌّ مَوْلَاهُ» ؟ وَهَذَا مِنْكَ أَمْ (٢) مِنَ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: هُوَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ (٣) ، فَوَلَّى الْحَارِثُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ يُرِيدُ رَاحِلَتَهُ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: {اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ أَوِ ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ} ، فَمَا وَصَلَ إِلَيْهَا حَتَّى رَمَاهُ اللَّهُ بِحَجَرٍ، فَسَقَطَ عَلَى هَامَتِهِ، وَخَرَجَ مِنْ دُبُرِهِ فَقَتَلَهُ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: {سَأَلَ سَائِلٌ بِعَذَابٍ وَاقِعٍ - لِلْكَافِرينَ} [سُورَةُ الْمَعَارِجِ: ١، ٢] الْآيَةَ. فَيُقَالُ لِهَؤُلَاءِ الْكَذَّابِينَ: أَجْمَعَ النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ عَلَى أَنَّ مَا قَالَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِغَدِيرِ خُمٍّ (٤) كَانَ مَرْجِعَهُ مِنْ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ. وَالشِّيعَةُ تُسَلِّمُ هَذَا، وَتَجْعَلُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا وَهُوَ الْيَوْمُ الثَّامِنَ عَشَرَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ. وَالنَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلَى مَكَّةَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ، بَلْ رَجَعَ مِنْ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَعَاشَ تَمَامَ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَالْمُحَرَّمِ وَصَفَرٍ، وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي أَوَّلِ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ.

(١) ن: أَنْ تَقُولَ. (٢) س، ب: أَوْ. (٣) م: هُوَ أَمْرٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ. (٤) عِبَارَةُ بِغَدِيرِ خُمٍّ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (م) .