16
made because of him: when the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—sent him [as an envoy] to [the people of] Mecca (1), he received word that they had killed him. He therefore took a pledge from his Companions that they would not flee and would fight to the death. Uthmān thus shared in the pledge while also enjoying the distinction of having been sent by the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him. Quraysh offered to let him circumambulate the House without Allah’s Messenger—peace and blessings be upon him—and his Companions, but he refused, saying, ‘Not until Allah’s Messenger—peace and blessings be upon him—has circumambulated it.’ Allah’s Messenger—peace and blessings be upon him—had intended to send (2) Umar, but Umar informed him that he had no powerful supporters [of his own] (3) in Mecca to protect him, whereas Uthmān had the Banū Umayyah there. They were among the nobility of Mecca and would protect him.
“As for turning back on the day of Uhud, Allah—Exalted is He—said:
‘Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met were made to stumble by Satan only because of some of what they had committed. Yet Allah has pardoned them. Indeed, Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Forbearing.’ [Surah Āl Imrān: 155]
“Allah thus pardoned all who turned back (4) on the day of Uhud. That pardon encompassed even those of lesser standing than Uthmān, so how could he not be included, given his virtue and abundant good deeds (5)?”
(1) N and M read: “when the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—sent him to Mecca.”
(2) N, M, and R read: “Allah’s Messenger—peace and blessings be upon him—had intended to send.”
(3) “Of his own” is omitted from N and M.
(4) N and M read: “Allah had indeed pardoned them all—all those who turned back.”
(5) N and M read: “his beneficence.” Manuscript H ends on its p. 164 at the words “his good deeds,” as does manuscript R on its p. 383. The following is written thereafter in H:
“The book is complete. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds. May Allah bless our master Muhammad, the best of the messengers, the leader of the God-fearing, and the messenger of the Lord of the worlds, and all his family and Companions. Its transcription was completed on Friday morning, the twenty-ninth of Rabī I, in the year 1321, by its scribe, the servant in need of his Master’s mercy and hoping for His pardon and pleasure, Abdullāh ibn Āyid. Through His favor, generosity, and beneficence, may Allah forgive his sins, as well as those of whoever prays that he be granted forgiveness and divine pleasure, and those of all Muslims, O Most Merciful. It will be followed, Allah willing, by the fifth volume, beginning: ‘The Rāfidī said: al-Shahrastānī mentioned …,’ etc.”
Beneath this, in a different hand, is written: “Next comes Part Four of a work in four parts. The fifth begins: ‘The Rāfidī said: al-Shahrastānī mentioned it …,’ etc. With it, the book is complete.”
After p. 164 are six folios containing two poems to which I referred in the introduction. I also stated there that I had previously published them in the introduction to the first volume of the critical Dār al-Urūbah edition, pp. 35 (M)–50 (M).
In manuscript R, the following is written after the words “his good deeds”:
“Praise be to Allah alone. May Allah bless the master of the messengers, the leader of the God-fearing, and the messenger of the Lord of the worlds—peace and blessings be upon him—and all his wives, descendants, and Companions. Amen, amen, amen.
“This is the end of the fourth volume of *Minhāj al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah fī Naqd Kalām al-Shīah al-Qadariyyah* by the shaykh [the final two words are effaced], Taqī al-Dīn, the mujtahid and exegete, the erudite authority and ocean of learning, Abū al-Abbās Ahmad ibn Abd al-Halīm ibn Abd al-Salām ibn Taymiyyah. May Allah have mercy on him and, through His grace, reward him well on behalf of Islam.”
Beneath these words is written: “O Allah, bless our master Muhammad and his family and Companions, and grant them peace.”
At the upper left of the same page is written: “Collation against its exemplar reached this point on the day of al-Ith… in Jumādā II, in the year—” The numerals of the year are not clearly visible in the reproduction. It continues: “Praise be to Allah alone, and may He bless our master Muhammad and his family and Companions and grant them peace.”
Below these words is written: “To follow in the fifth volume, Allah willing: Chapter One: The Rāfidī said: ‘Al-Shahrastānī mentioned—and he was among those most severely prejudiced against the Imāmiyyah—…,’ etc.”
The final two pages of Part Four, pp. 384–385, contain a commentary on a statement by Ibn Taymiyyah. It begins:
“In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful. This relates to what the shaykh—may Allah have mercy on him—mentioned. As for the book? Philosophy by leading theologians such as al-Rāzī, al-Shahrastānī, Abū al-Maālī, and others. Shaykh Shams al-Dīn Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah—may Allah Most High have mercy on him—said in his book entitled *Miftāh Dār al-Saādah* … ‘The authority of knowledge and will: Many ignorant people may mistakenly imagine that …’”
This commentary continues to the end of p. 385 and concludes with the following words:
“He also said: ‘Do not dispute with the People of the Book except in the best manner.’ These are the disputations of Allah’s Messenger—peace and blessings be upon him—and his Companions with their opponents and their establishment of proofs against them. Only someone utterly ignorant would deny this.”
بِسَبَبِهِ، فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا أَرْسَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -
[رَسُولًا]
إِلَى
[أَهْلِ]
مَكَّةَ
(١)
بَلَغَهُ أَنَّهُمْ قَتَلُوهُ، فَبَايَعَ أَصْحَابَهُ عَلَى أَنْ لَا يَفِرُّوا وَعَلَى الْمَوْتِ، فَكَانَ عُثْمَانُ شَرِيكًا فِي الْبَيْعَةِ، مُخْتَصًّا بِإِرْسَالِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَهُ، وَطَلَبَتْ مِنْهُ قُرَيْشٌ أَنْ يَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ دُونَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَأَصْحَابِهِ، فَامْتَنَعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ،
وَقَالَ:
حَتَّى يَطُوفَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -. وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَرَادَ أَنْ يُرْسِلَ
(٢)
عُمَرَ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ
[لَهُ]
(٣)
بِمَكَّةَ شَوْكَةٌ يَحْمُونَهُ، وَأَنَّ عُثْمَانَ لَهُ بِمَكَّةَ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ، وَهُمْ مِنْ أَشْرَافِ مَكَّةَ، فَهُمْ يَحْمُونَهُ.
وَأَمَّا التَّوَلِّي يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، فَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ - تَعَالَى -:
{إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا مِنْكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعَانِ إِنَّمَا اسْتَزَلَّهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ بِبَعْضِ مَا كَسَبُوا وَلَقَدْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ}
[سُورَةُ آلَ عِمْرَانَ: ١٥٥]
فَقَدْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْ جَمِيعِ الْمُتَوَلِّينَ
(٤)
يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، فَدَخَلَ فِي الْعَفْوِ مَنْ هُوَ دُونَ عُثْمَانَ، فَكَيْفَ لَا يَدْخُلُ هُوَ فِيهِ مَعَ فَضْلِهِ وَكَثْرَةِ حَسَنَاتِهِ
(٥)
(١) ن، م: لَمَّا أَرْسَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِلَى مَكَّةَ.
(٢) ن، م، ر: وَكَانَ أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنْ يُرْسِلَ.
(٣) لَهُ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) .
(٤) ن، م: وَقَدْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ جَمِيعِهِمْ جَمِيعِ الْمُتَوَلِّينَ.
(٥) ن، م: إِحْسَانِهِ، وَعِنْدَ كَلِمَةِ " حَسَنَاتِهِ " تَنْتَهِي نُسْخَةُ (ح) فِي ص ١٦٤ مِنْهَا، كَمَا تَنْتَهِي نُسْخَةُ (ر) فِي ص ٣٨٣ مِنْهَا، وَكُتِبَ فِي نُسْخَةِ (ح) بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ: تَمَّ الْكِتَابُ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ خَيْرِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ، وَإِمَامِ الْمُتَّقِينَ، وَرَسُولِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ أَجْمَعِينَ، وَكَانَ الْفَرَاغُ مِنْ تَحْرِيرِهِ ضَحْوَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ يَوْمَ تِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ، شَهْرَ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ سَنَةَ ١٣٢١ عَلَى يَدِ كَاتِبِهِ الْفَقِيرِ إِلَى رَحْمَةِ مَوْلَاهُ، الرَّاجِي عَفْوَهُ وَرِضَاهُ، عَبْدَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَايِضٍ، غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَهُ خَطَايَاهُ بِمَنِّهِ وَكَرَمِهِ وَإِحْسَانِهِ، وَلِمَنْ دَعَا لَهُ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ وَالرِّضْوَانِ، وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ أَجْمَعِينَ، يَا رَحْمَنُ، وَيَتْلُوهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ الْمُجَلَّدُ الْخَامِسُ، قَالَ الرَّافِضِيُّ: وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ الشَّهْرَسْتَانِيُّ. . . . إِلَخْ. وَكَتَبَ تَحْتَ هَذَا الْكَلَامِ بِخَطٍّ مُخْتَلِفٍ: وَيَتْلُوهُ الْجُزْءُ الرَّابِعُ مِنْ أَجْزَاءٍ أَرْبَعَةٍ وَالْخَامِسُ أَوَّلُهُ: قَالَ الرَّافِضِيُّ: وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهُ الشَّهْرَسْتَانِيُّ إِلَخْ، وَبِهِ تَمَّ الْكِتَابُ. وَتُوجَدُ بَعْدَ ص ١٦٤ سِتُّ وَرَقَاتٍ تَضَمَّنَتْ قَصِيدَتَيْنِ أَشَرْتُ إِلَيْهِمَا فِي الْمُقَدِّمَةِ وَذَكَرْتُ أَنَّنِي قَدْ سَبَقَ لِي نَشْرُهُمَا ضِمْنَ مُقَدِّمَةِ الْجُزْءِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ طَبْعَةِ دَارِ الْعُرُوبَةِ الْمُحَقَّقَةِ ص ٣٥ (م) - ٥٠ (م) . أَمَّا فِي نُسْخَةِ (ر) فَكَتَبَ فِيهَا بَعْدَ كَلِمَةِ حَسَنَاتِهِ مَا يَلِي: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَحْدَهُ، وَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى سَيِّدِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ، وَإِمَامِ الْمُتَّقِينَ، وَرَسُولِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَعَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِ وَذُرِّيَّتِهِ وَأَصْحَابِهِ أَجْمَعِينَ، آمِينَ آمِينَ آمِينَ. آخِرُ الْمُجَلَّدِ الرَّابِعِ مِنْ مِنْهَاجِ السُّنَّةِ النَّبَوِيَّةِ فِي نَقْضِ كَلَامِ الشِّيعَةِ الْقَدَرِيَّةِ لِلشَّيْخِ (الْكَلِمَتَانِ الْأَخِيرَتَانِ مَطْمُوسَتَانِ) تَقِيُّ الدِّينِ الْمُجْتَهِدُ الْمُفَسِّرُ، الْحَبْرُ وَالْبَحْرُ، أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَلِيمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ السَّلَامِ بْنِ تَيْمِيَةَ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، وَجَزَاهُ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ خَيْرًا بِمَنِّهِ. وَكَتَبَ أَسْفَلَ هَذِهِ الْعِبَارَاتِ مَا يَلِي: اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلِّمْ. وَعَلَى يَسَارِ هَذِهِ الصَّفْحَةِ وَفِي أَعْلَاهَا كَتَبَ مَا يَلِي: بَلَغَ مُقَابَلَةً عَلَى أَصْلِهِ وَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ الْإِثْـ. . . . جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ سَنَةَ - وَلَمْ تَظْهَرْ فِي الْمُصَوَّرَةِ أَرْقَامُ السَّنَةِ بِوُضُوحٍ -، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَحْدَهُ، وَصَلَّى عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَأَسْفَلُ هَذِهِ الْعِبَارَاتِ كَتَبَ مَا يَلِي: يَتْلُوهُ فِي الْمُجَلَّدِ الْخَامِسِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ: الْفَصْلُ الْأَوَّلُ: قَالَ الرَّافِضِيُّ: وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ الشَّهْرَسْتَانِيُّ وَهُوَ مِنْ أَشَدِّ الْمُتَعَصِّبِينَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِيَّةِ. . . . إِلَخْ. وَأَمَّا الصَّفْحَتَانِ الْأَخِيرَتَانِ مِنَ الْجُزْءِ الرَّابِعِ ص ٣٨٤، ٣٨٥ فَيَتَضَمَّنَانِ تَعْلِيقًا عَلَى كَلَامٍ لِابْنِ تَيْمِيَةَ يَبْدَأُ كَمَا يَلِي: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ: هَذَا يَتَعَلَّقُ بِمَا ذَكَرَهُ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، وَأَمَّا الْكِتَابُ؟ فَلْسَفَةٌ مِنْ رُؤَسَاءَ الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ كَالرَّازِيِّ وَالشَّهْرَسْتَانِيِّ وَأَبِي الْمَعَالِي وَغَيْرِهِمْ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ شَمْسُ الدِّينِ بْنُ قَيَّمٍ الْجَوْزِيَّةِ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - فِي كِتَابِهِ الْمُسَمَّى بِمِفْتَاحِ دَارِ السَّعَادَةِ. . . .، وِلَايَةُ الْعِلْمِ وَالْإِرَادَةِ: وَقَدْ يَقَعُ فِي وَهْمِ كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْجُهَّالِ أَنَّ. . . . " وَيَسْتَمِرُّ هَذَا التَّعْلِيقُ حَتَّى نِهَايَةِ صَفْحَةِ ثَلَاثَمِائَةٍ خَمْسَةٍ وَثَمَانِينَ وَيَنْتَهِي بِالْعِبَارَاتِ التَّالِيَةِ: وَقَالَ: (وَلَا تُجَادِلُوا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ) . وَهَذِهِ مُنَاظَرَاتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَأَصْحَابِهِ لِخُصُومِهِمْ وَإِقَامَةِ الْحُجَجِ عَلَيْهِمْ، لَا يُنْكِرُ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا جَاهِلٌ مُفْرِطُ الْجَهْلِ.