Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (6/182)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

and he committed the reprehensible acts (1) that he did. Uthmān placed his affairs in Marwān’s charge, gave him the keys to his administration, and handed him his signet ring. This led to Uthmān’s killing and to the turmoil that subsequently arose within the Muslim community. He favored his relatives with large sums from the public treasury (2), to the extent that he gave four men of Quraysh—to whom he had married his daughters—four hundred thousand dinars, and gave Marwān a thousand [thousand] dinars (3).

Ibn Masūd used to criticize him and declare him an unbeliever. When Uthmān was ruler, he had Ibn Masūd beaten until he died. He also had Ammār beaten until he suffered a rupture. Regarding him (4), the Prophet—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—said:

“Ammār is as dear to me as the skin between my eyes (5). The rebellious faction will kill him. May Allah not allow my intercession to reach them on the Day of Resurrection.”

Ammār also used to criticize him. The Messenger of Allah—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—expelled al-Hakam ibn Abī al-Ās, Uthmān’s paternal uncle, from Medina together with his son Marwān. Both he and his son remained in exile (6) throughout the lifetimes of the Prophet—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—Abū Bakr, and Umar. When Uthmān assumed office, however, he gave al-Hakam refuge, brought him back to Medina, and appointed Marwān as his secretary and the administrator of his affairs.

This was despite the fact that Allah Most High said:

“You will not find any people who believe in Allah and the Last Day having affection for those who oppose Allah and His Messenger, even if they were their fathers or their sons”—to the end of the verse [Surah al-Mujādala: 22].

(1) (K) reads: *al-manākir* (“reprehensible acts”). (2) (K) reads: “from the Muslim public treasury.” (3) (N) and (M) read: “one thousand dinars.” This is an error. (4) *Fīhi* (“regarding him”) is omitted from (K). (5) (B) alone reads: *jildatu mā bayna aynayya* (“the skin between my eyes”). (6) (K) reads: *fa-lam yazal tarīdan huwa wa-ibnuhu* (“he and his son remained exiles”); (H) reads: *fa-lam yazal huwa wa-ibnuhu tarīdāni* (“he and his son remained exiles”); and (B) reads: *fa-lam yazal huwa wa-ibnuhu tarīdayni* (“he and his son remained exiles”).

فَفَعَلَ مِنَ الْمَنَاكِيرِ (١) مَا فَعَلَ. وَوَلَّى مَرْوَانَ أَمْرَهُ، وَأَلْقَى إِلَيْهِ مَقَالِيدَ أُمُورِهِ، وَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ خَاتَمَهُ، فَحَدَثَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَتْلُ عُثْمَانَ، وَحَدَثَ مِنَ الْفِتْنَةِ بَيْنَ الْأُمَّةِ مَا حَدَثَ. وَكَانَ يُؤْثِرُ أَهْلَهُ بِالْأَمْوَالِ الْكَثِيرَةِ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ (٢) ، حَتَّى أَنَّهُ دَفَعَ إِلَى أَرْبَعَةِ نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ - زَوَّجَهُمْ بَنَاتِهِ - أَرْبَعَمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِينَارٍ، وَدَفَعَ إِلَى مَرْوَانَ أَلْفَ [أَلْفَ] دِينَارٍ (٣) . وَكَانَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ يَطْعَنُ عَلَيْهِ وَيُكَفِّرُهُ، وَلَمَّا حَكَمَ ضَرَبَهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ. وَضَرَبَ عَمَّارًا حَتَّى صَارَ بِهِ فَتْقٌ. وَقَدْ قَالَ فِيهِ (٤) النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: «عَمَّارٌ جِلْدَةٌ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيَّ (٥) تَقْتُلُهُ الْفِئَةُ الْبَاغِيَةُ، لَا أَنَالَهُمُ اللَّهُ شَفَاعَتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ» . وَكَانَ عَمَّارٌ يَطْعَنُ عَلَيْهِ. وَطَرَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الْحَكَمَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ عَمَّ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَمَعَهُ ابْنُهُ مَرْوَانُ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ هُوَ - وَابْنُهُ - طَرِيدًا (٦) فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ. فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ عُثْمَانُ آوَاهُ وَرَدَّهُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَجَعَلَ مَرْوَانَ كَاتِبَهُ وَصَاحِبَ تَدْبِيرِهِ. مَعَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ: {لَا تَجِدُ قَوْمًا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ يُوَادُّونَ مَنْ حَادَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَوْ كَانُوا آبَاءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ} الْآيَةَ [سُورَةُ الْمُجَادَلَةِ: ٢٢] .

(١) ك: الْمَنَاكِرِ. (٢) ك: مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ. (٣) ن، م: أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ. (٤) فِيهِ: لَيْسَتْ فِي (ك) . (٥) ب فَقَطْ: جِلْدَةُ مَا بَيْنَ عَيْنَيَّ. (٦) ك: فَلَمْ يَزَلْ طَرِيدًا هُوَ وَابْنُهُ، ح: فَلَمْ يَزَلْ هُوَ وَابْنُهُ طَرِيدَانِ، ب: فَلَمْ يَزَلْ هُوَ وَابْنُهُ طَرِيدَيْنِ.