16
Awf, and Sa‘d ibn Abī Waqqās, to whom the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said:
“This is my maternal uncle; let any man show me(1) his maternal uncle.”(2)
Nor was there any bond of brotherhood or close association between Uthmān and Abd al-Rahmān either(3), for the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—did not establish brotherhood between one Emigrant and another Emigrant(4), nor between one Ansārī and another Ansārī. Rather, he established brotherhood between the Emigrants and the Ansār, pairing Abd al-Rahmān ibn Awf with Sa‘d ibn al-Rabī al-Ansārī. The hadith concerning this is well known and soundly established in the authentic hadith collections and elsewhere, as scholars familiar with the matter know(5). He never established a bond of brotherhood between Uthmān and Abd al-Rahmān.
(1) (N) and (M) read: “let him show me”; this is how it appears in both manuscripts. All the other copies read: “let him honor.”
(2) The hadith with this wording, narrated from Jābir ibn Abd Allah—may Allah be pleased with him—is found in Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 5/313, “Book of the Virtues of the Companions,” chapter “The Virtues of Abū Ishāq Sa‘d ibn Abī Waqqās.” Al-Tirmidhī said: “This is a hasan gharīb hadith; we know it only through the narration of Mujālid. Sa‘d belonged to Banū Zuhra, and the mother of the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—also belonged to Banū Zuhra. Hence, the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: ‘This is my maternal uncle.’”
(3) (N) and (M) read: “nor any disagreement.” This is a textual corruption.
(4) (R) reads: “between one Emigrant and another Emigrant.”
(5) Al-Bukhārī narrated this hadith through several chains and with differing wordings. One version appears in 5/69, “Book of the Virtues of the Ansār,” chapter “How the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—Established Brotherhood among His Companions.” Its wording is: “Abd al-Rahmān ibn Awf said: ‘When I came to Medina, the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—established brotherhood between me and Sa‘d ibn al-Rabī.’” In the same chapter and on the same page, al-Bukhārī also narrated from Anas—may Allah be pleased with him—who said: “Abd al-Rahmān ibn Awf came to Medina, and the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—established brotherhood between him and Sa‘d ibn al-Rabī al-Ansārī. Sa‘d offered to share his household and wealth equally with him, but Abd al-Rahmān replied: ‘May Allah bless you in your household and wealth. Show me the marketplace.’” The remainder of the hadith follows. The hadith appears in al-Bukhārī through various chains and with differing wordings; see the edition of Dr. al-Bughā, hadith nos. 1943, 1944, 2171, 3570, 3721, 3722, 4853, 4858, 4860, 4872, 5732, and 6023. The hadith is also narrated from Anas ibn Mālik—may Allah be pleased with him—in Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 3/220, “Book of Righteousness and Maintaining Ties,” chapter “What Has Been Related concerning Supporting One’s Brother”; and al-Musnad, al-Halabī edition, 3/190, 204–205, 271.
عَوْفٍ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ الَّذِي قَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -:
" «هَذَا خَالِي، فَلْيُرِنِي
(١)
امْرُؤٌ خَالَهُ» "
(٢)
.
وَلَمْ يَكُنْ أَيْضًا بَيْنَ عُثْمَانَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مُؤَاخَاةٌ وَلَا مُخَالَطَةٌ
(٣)
؛ فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَمْ يُؤَاخِ بَيْنَ مُهَاجِرِيٍّ وَمُهَاجِرِيٍّ
(٤)
، وَلَا بَيْنَ أَنْصَارِيٍّ وَأَنْصَارِيٍّ، وَإِنَّمَا آخَى بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، فَآخَى بَيْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَبَيْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، وَحَدِيثُهُ مَشْهُورٌ ثَابِتٌ فِي الصِّحَاحِ وَغَيْرِهَا، يَعْرِفُهُ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ بِذَلِكَ
(٥)
، وَلَمْ يُؤَاخِ قَطُّ بَيْنَ عُثْمَانَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ.
(١) ن، م: فَلْيُرِنِي، كَذَا فِي (ن) ، (م) ، وَفِي سَائِرِ النُّسَخِ: فَلْيُكْرِمْنَ.
(٢) الْحَدِيثُ بِهَذَا اللَّفْظِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي: سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٥/٣١٣ كِتَابُ مَنَاقِبِ الصَّحَابَةِ، بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، وَقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ مُجَالِدٍ، وَكَانَ سَعْدُ مِنْ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ، وَكَانَتْ أَمُّ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ، لِذَلِكَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: هَذَا خَالِي.
(٣) ن، م: وَلَا مُخَالَفَةٌ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ.
(٤) ر: بَيْنَ مُهَاجِرٍ وَمُهَاجِرٍ.
(٥) رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ مِنْ عِدَّةِ طُرُقٍ وَبِأَلْفَاظٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ مِنْهَا ٥/٦٩ كِتَابُ مَنَاقِبِ الْأَنْصَارِ، بَابُ كَيْفَ آخَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَنَصُّهُ: وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ: آخَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ لَمَّا قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ. بَيْنَمَا رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي نَفْسِ الْبَابِ وَنَفْسِ الصَّفْحَةِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَدِمَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ الْمَدِينَةَ فَآخَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُنَاصِفَهُ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ: بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِي أَهْلِكَ وَمَالِكَ، دُلَّنِي عَلَى السُّوقِ. الْحَدِيثَ. وَجَاءَ الْحَدِيثُ بِأَلْفَاظٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ وَمِنْ طُرُقٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ فِي الْبُخَارِيِّ، انْظُرْ طَبْعَةَ الدُّكْتُورِ أَلْبَغَا الْأَرْقَامُ: ١٩٤٣، ١٩٤٤، ٢١٧١، ٣٥٧٠، ٣٧٢١، ٣٧٢٢، ٤٨٥٣، ٤٨٥٨، ٤٨٦٠، ٤٨٧٢، ٥٧٣٢، ٦٠٢٣، وَالْحَدِيثُ أَيْضًا عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي: سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٣/٢٢٠ (كِتَابُ الْبِرِّ وَالصِّلَةِ، بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي مُوَاسَاةِ الْأَخِ) ، الْمُسْنَدِ ط. الْحَلَبِيِّ ٣/١٩٠، ٢٠٤ - ٢٠٥، ٢٧١