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the compilers of the Sunan collections narrated from them on the authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. (1)
Thus, any of these forms authentically established from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, is valid and permissible, even if each person chooses a particular form of tashahhud—either because it is the one he knows and is accustomed to, or because he believes it preferable in some respect.
The same applies both to repeating the two declarations of faith during the call to prayer and to omitting that repetition (2). The former is established in an authentic report concerning Abū Mahdhūra’s call to prayer. At its beginning, the proclamation “Allah is the Greatest” is reported twice, as Muslim narrated it, and four times, as Abū Dāwūd narrated it. The version without this repetition is the one narrated by the compilers of
(1) Regarding the *tashahhud* (testimony recited in prayer) of Ibn Masud, may Allah be pleased with him, see al-Bukhārī, 1/162–163 (Book of the Call to Prayer, chapter “The Tashahhud in the Final Unit of Prayer”); Muslim, 1/301–302 (Book of Prayer, chapter “The Tashahhud in Prayer”). Regarding the tashahhud of Abū Mūsā al-Asharī, may Allah be pleased with him, see Muslim, 1/303–304, in the same chapter; that of Ibn Abbās, may Allah be pleased with them both, Muslim, 1/302–303, in the same chapter; that of Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, *Sunan Abī Dāwud*, 1/350–351 (Book of Prayer, chapter “The Tashahhud”); that of Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, *al-Muwatta*, 1/90–91 (Book of Prayer, chapter “The Tashahhud in Prayer”); and that of Āisha, may Allah be pleased with her, *al-Muwatta*, 1/91–92, in the same chapter.
See also the relevant chapters cited above in all the aforementioned works; al-Bukhārī, 2/63, 8/51–52, 59, 72, and 9/116; *Sunan al-Tirmidhī*, 1/177–178 (Book of Prayer, chapter “Reports Concerning the Tashahhud”). Al-Tirmidhī first cites the tashahhud of Ibn Masud and then states: “Reports on this topic are also narrated from Ibn Umar, Jābir, Abū Mūsā, and Āisha.” He then cites the tashahhud of Ibn Abbās. See also *al-Musnad*, al-Halabī ed., 4/408–409; *Sunan Ibn Mājah*, 1/290–291 (Book of Establishing the Prayer, chapter “Reports Concerning the Tashahhud”), which concludes by citing the tashahhud of Jābir ibn Abd Allāh, may Allah be pleased with him; *Irwā al-Ghalīl*, 2/26–28; and al-Albānī, *Sifat Salāt al-Nabī*, 11th ed. (1403/1983), pp. 142–145.
(2) N and M read: *wa-tarkuhu* (“and omitting it”).
رَوَاهَا أَهْلُ السُّنَنِ عَنْهُمْ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -.
(١)
فَكُلُّ مَا ثَبَتَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ سَائِغٌ وَجَائِزٌ،
وَإِنِ اخْتَارَ كُلٌّ مِنَ النَّاسِ بَعْضَ التَّشَهُّدَاتِ:
إِمَّا لِكَوْنِهِ هُوَ الَّذِي عَلِمَهُ وَلِاعْتِيَادِهِ إِيَّاهُ، وَإِمَّا لِاعْتِقَادِهِ رُجْحَانَهُ مِنْ بَعْضِ الْوُجُوهِ.
وَكَذَلِكَ التَّرْجِيعُ فِي الْآذَانِ وَتَرْكُ
(٢)
التَّرْجِيعِ؛ فَإِنَّ الْأَوَّلَ قَدْ ثَبَتَ فِي الصَّحِيحِ فِي أَذَانِ أَبِي مَحْذُورَةَ، وَرُوِيَ فِي أَوَّلِهِ التَّكْبِيرُ مَرَّتَيْنِ، كَمَا رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، وَرُوِيَ أَرْبَعًا كَمَا رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ، وَتَرْكُ التَّرْجِيعِ هُوَ الَّذِي رَوَاهُ أَهْلُ
(١) انْظُرْ عَنْ تَشَهُّدِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: الْبُخَارِيِّ ١/١٦٢ - ١٦٣، كِتَابَ الْأَذَانِ بَابَ التَّشَهُّدِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ، مُسْلِمٍ ١/٣٠١ - ٣٠٢ كِتَابَ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابَ التَّشَهُّدِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، وَعَنْ تَشَهُّدِ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: مُسْلِمٍ ١/٣٠٣ - ٣٠٤ الْمَوْضِعَ السَّابِقَ، وَعَنْ تَشَهُّدِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: مُسْلِمٍ ١/٣٠٢ - ٣٠٣ الْمَوْضِعَ السَّابِقَ، وَعَنْ تَشَهُّدِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا، سُنَنَ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ١/٣٥٠ - ٣٥١ كِتَابَ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابَ التَّشَهُّدِ، وَعَنْ تَشَهُّدِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: الْمُوَطَّأَ ١/٩٠ - ٩١ كِتَابَ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابَ التَّشَهُّدِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، وَعَنْ تَشَهُّدِ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: الْمُوَطَّأَ ١/٩١ - ٩٢ الْمَوْضِعَ السَّابِقَ، وَانْظُرْ أَيْضًا الْأَبْوَابَ السَّابِقَةَ فِي الْكُتُبِ السَّابِقَةِ كُلِّهَا، الْبُخَارِيِّ ٢/٦٣، ٨/٥١ - ٥٢، ٥٩، ٧٢، ٩/١١٦، سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ١/١٧٧ - ١٧٨ كِتَابَ الصَّلَاةِ بَابَ مَا جَاءَ فِي التَّشَهُّدِ، وَذَكَرَ تَشَهُّدَ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَجَابِرٍ وَأَبِي مُوسَى وَعَائِشَةَ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ تَشَهُّدَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، الْمُسْنَدِ ط. الْحَلَبِيِّ ٤/٤٠٨ - ٤٠٩، سُنَنِ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ ١/٢٩٠ - ٢٩١ كِتَابَ إِقَامَةِ الصَّلَاةِ بَابَ مَا جَاءَ فِي التَّشَهُّدِ، وَذَكَرَ فِي آخِرِهِ تَشَهُّدَ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، وَانْظُرْ إِرْوَاءَ الْغَلِيلِ ٢/٢٦ - ٢٨ صِفَةَ صَلَاةِ النَّبِيِّ لِلْأَلْبَانِيِّ ط ١١، ١٤٠٣ ١٩٨٣ ص ١٤٢ - ١٤٥
(٢) ن، م: وَتَرْكُهُ.