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“The Quran was revealed (1) in seven modes, all of which are healing and sufficient.” (2)
It is also established that Umar and Hishām ibn Hakīm ibn Hizām differed concerning Surah al-Furqān: one recited it in one manner and the other in another. He said to each of them:
“This is how it was revealed.” (3)
Also belonging to this category are the various forms of tashahhud: that of Ibn Masūd, which al-Bukhārī and Muslim included in their two Sahih collections; that of Abū Mūsā, narrated by Muslim—the wording of these two is similar; that of Ibn Abbās, narrated by Muslim; that of Umar, which he taught the people from the pulpit of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him; and those of Ibn Umar, Aisha, and Jābir, which (4)
(1) ح، ب، ي read: *unzila* (“was sent down”).
(2) This is part of a lengthy hadith narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattāb, may Allah be pleased with him. See al-Bukhārī, 3/122 (Book of Disputes, chapter “The Litigants’ Remarks about One Another”); 6/184–185 (Book of the Virtues of the Quran, chapter “The Quran Was Revealed in Seven Modes”); 9/17–18 (Book of Apostates, chapter “What Has Been Related Concerning Those Acting on an Interpretation”); and 9/158 (Book of Tawhīd, chapter on Allah Most High’s words, “So recite as much of the Quran as is easy”); Muslim, 1/560 (Book of the Prayer of Travelers, chapter “Clarification that the Quran Was Revealed in Seven Modes”); *Sunan al-Tirmidhī*, 4/263–264 (Book of Quranic Recitations, chapter “Reports that the Quran Was Revealed in Seven Modes”); *Sunan Abī Dāwud*, 2/101–102 (Book of Witr, chapter “The Quran Was Revealed in Seven Modes”); *Sunan al-Nasāī*, 2/116–117 (Book of Opening the Prayer, chapter “A Comprehensive Account of What Has Been Reported Concerning the Quran”); and *al-Musnad*, al-Maārif ed., 1/224, 274–275, 283–284.
The hadith begins in al-Bukhārī, 3/122: “I heard Umar ibn al-Khattāb, may Allah be pleased with him, say, ‘I heard Hishām ibn Hakīm ibn Hizām reciting Surah al-Furqān differently from the way I recite it. I therefore brought him to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and said, “I heard this man reciting it differently from the way you taught me to recite it.” He told me, “Release him,” and then told him, “Recite.” He recited, and the Messenger of Allah said, “This is how it was revealed.” He then told me, “Recite.” I recited, and he said, “This is how it was revealed. The Quran was revealed in seven modes, so recite from it whatever is easy.”’”
(3) See the preceding note.
(4) ح، ب read: *allatī* (“which,” feminine singular).
" «إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ نَزَلَ
(١)
عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ، كُلُّهَا شَافٍ كَافٍ» "
(٢)
.
وَثَبَتَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ وَهِشَامَ بْنَ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ اخْتَلَفَا فِي سُورَةِ الْفُرْقَانِ، فَقَرَأَهَا هَذَا عَلَى وَجْهٍ، وَهَذَا عَلَى وَجْهٍ آخَرَ،
فَقَالَ لِكِلَيْهِمَا:
" هَكَذَا أُنْزِلَتْ "
(٣)
.
وَمِنْ هَذَا الْبَابِ أَنْوَاعُ التَّشَهُّدَاتِ كَتَشَهُّدِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ الَّذِي أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ، وَتَشَهُّدِ أَبِي مُوسَى الَّذِي رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، وَأَلْفَاظُهُمَا مُتَقَارِبَةٌ، وَتَشَهُّدِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ الَّذِي رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، وَتَشَهُّدِ عُمَرَ الَّذِي عَلَّمَهُ النَّاسَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَتَشَهُّدِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةَ وَجَابِرٍ اللَّوَاتِي
(٤)
(١) ح، ب، ي: أُنْزِلَ.
(٢) هَذَا جُزْءٌ مِنْ حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي الْبُخَارِيِّ ٣/١٢٢ (كِتَابُ الْخُصُومَاتِ، بَابُ كَلَامِ الْخُصُومِ بَعْضِهِمْ فِي بَعْضٍ) ٦/١٨٤ - ١٨٥ كِتَابُ فَضَائِلِ الْقُرْآنِ، بَابُ أُنْزِلَ الْقُرْآنُ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ، ٩/١٧ - ١٨ كِتَابُ الْمُرْتَدِّينَ، بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْمُتَأَوِّلِينَ ٩/١٥٨ كِتَابُ التَّوْحِيدِ، بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: فَاقْرَأُوا مَا تَيَسَّرَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ، مُسْلِمٍ ١/٥٦٠ كِتَابُ صَلَاةِ الْمُسَافِرِينَ، بَابُ بَيَانِ أَنَّ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ، سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٤/٢٦٣ - ٢٦٤ كِتَابُ الْقِرَاءَاتِ بَابُ مَا جَاءَ أَنَّ الْقُرْآنَ أُنْزِلَ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ، سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٢/١٠١ - ١٠٢ كِتَابُ الْوَتْرِ، بَابُ أُنْزِلَ الْقُرْآنُ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ سُنَنِ النَّسَائِيِّ ٢/١١٦ - ١١٧ كِتَابُ افْتِتَاحِ الصَّلَاةِ، بَابُ جَامِعِ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ، الْمُسْنَدِ ط. الْمَعَارِفِ ١/٢٢٤، ٢٧٤ - ٢٧٥، ٢٨٣ - ٢٨٤ وَأَوَّلُ الْحَدِيثِ (الْبُخَارِيِّ) ٣/١٢٢ سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ هِشَامَ بْنَ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ يَقْرَأُ سُورَةَ الْفُرْقَانِ عَلَى غَيْرِ مَا أَقْرَؤُهَا، فَجِئْتُ بِهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ: إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ هَذَا يَقْرَأُ عَلَى غَيْرِ مَا أَقْرَأْتَنِيهَا، فَقَالَ لِي: أَرْسِلْهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: اقْرَأْ. فَقَرَأَ. قَالَ: هَكَذَا أُنْزِلَتْ. ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: اقْرَأْ. فَقَرَأْتُ فَقَالَ: هَكَذَا أُنْزِلَتْ، إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ أُنْزِلَ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ، فَاقْرَأُوا مِنْهُ مَا تَيَسَّرَ.
(٣) انْظُرِ التَّعْلِيقَ السَّابِقَ.
(٤) ح، ب: الَّتِي.