Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

The answer is:

This is a story (1) for which he cited no chain of transmission (2). Its authenticity is unknown, and I know of no scholar who has mentioned it. [Had there been any truth to it, they would have mentioned it.] (3) Nor is it known as a report about Umar and Alī; rather, it is well known as a report about Solomon son of David—peace be upon them both. This is authentically established in the two Sahih collections from the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—in a hadith narrated by Abū Hurayra, who said:

The Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: “While two women were together, each with her son, a wolf came and carried off the son of one of them. One of them (4) said to the other, ‘It carried off your son.’ The other said, ‘It carried off your son.’ They brought their dispute before David, who ruled that the child belonged to the older woman. They then went to Solomon son of David and told him what had happened. He said, ‘Bring me a knife, and I will cut him in two between you.’ The younger woman said, ‘Do not do it—may Allah have mercy on you! He is her son.’ So he ruled that the child belonged to the younger woman.”

Abū Hurayra said: “By Allah, I had never heard a knife called a sikkīn until that day; we used to call it only a mudya.” (5).

(1) (H), (R), and (Y) read: “a case.” (2) (N), (M), (H), and (B) read: “a chain of transmission.” (3) The passage in square brackets is absent from (N) and (M). (4) “This” is absent from (H) and (B). (5) The hadith narrated by Abū Hurayra—may Allah be pleased with him—is found in al-Bukhārī, 4:162, Book of the Prophets, chapter “The Statement of Allah Most High: ‘And to David We Gave Solomon…’” It begins: “My likeness and that of the people is like that of a man who kindled a fire; moths and these creatures began falling into it.” He also said: “There were two women, each with her son…” to the end of the hadith. It is also found in al-Bukhārī, 8:156–57 (Book of Inheritance, chapter “When a Woman Claims a Son”); Muslim, 3:1344–45, Book of Judicial Decisions, chapter “Clarifying the Differences among Independent Jurists.” In Muslim it begins: “While two women were together, each with her son.” The hadith likewise begins this way in Sunan al-Nasāī, 8:206–7, Book of the Etiquette of Judges, chapter “A Judge’s Ruling.” Another version appears there at 8:207, chapter “The Latitude Allowed to a Judge to Make a Statement concerning a Matter.” The hadith is also found in al-Musnad, al-Maārif ed., 16:202.
وَالْجَوَابُ: أَنَّ هَذِهِ قِصَّةٌ (١) لَمْ يَذْكُرْ لَهَا إِسْنَادًا (٢) ، وَلَا يُعْرَفُ صِحَّتُهَا، وَلَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ ذَكَرَهَا، [وَلَوْ كَانَ لَهَا حَقِيقَةٌ لَذَكَرُوهَا،] (٣) وَلَا تُعْرَفُ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعَلِيٍّ، وَلَكِنَّ هِيَ مَعْرُوفَةٌ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ دَاوُدَ - عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ -. وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ ذَلِكَ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " «بَيْنَمَا امْرَأَتَانِ مَعَهُمَا ابْنَاهُمَا جَاءَ الذِّئْبُ فَذَهَبَ بِابْنِ إِحْدَاهُمَا. فَقَالَتْ هَذِهِ (٤) لِصَاحِبَتِهَا: إِنَّمَا ذَهَبَ بِابْنِكِ، وَقَالَتِ الْأُخْرَى: إِنَّمَا ذَهَبَ بِابْنِكِ، فَتَحَاكَمَا إِلَى دَاوُدَ، فَقَضَى بِهِ لِلْكُبْرَى، فَخَرَجَتَا عَلَى سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ فَأَخْبَرَتَاهُ، فَقَالَ: ائْتُونِي بِالسِّكِّينِ أَشُقُّهُ بَيْنَكُمَا، فَقَالَتِ الصُّغْرَى: لَا تَفْعَلْ يَرْحَمْكَ اللَّهُ، هُوَ ابْنُهَا، فَقَضَى بِهِ لِلصُّغْرَى " ، قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: وَاللَّهِ إِنْ سَمِعْتُ بِالسِّكِّينِ إِلَّا يَوْمَئِذٍ، مَا كُنَّا نَقُولُ: إِلَّا الْمُدْيَةَ» (٥) .
(١) ح، ر، ي: قَضِيَّةٌ. (٢) ن، م، ح، ب: إِسْنَادٌ. (٣) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٤) هَذِهِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ح) ، (ب) . (٥) الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٤/١٦٢ كِتَابِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ بَابِ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: (وَوَهَبْنَا لِدَاوُدَ سُلَيْمَانَ. . .) وَأَوَّلُهُ: مَثَلِي وَمَثَلُ النَّاسِ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ اسْتَوْقَدَ نَارًا فَجَعَلَ الْفَرَاشُ وَهَذِهِ الدَّوَابُّ تَقَعُ فِي النَّارِ، وَقَالَ: كَانَتِ امْرَأَتَانِ مَعَهُمَا ابْنَاهُمَا، الْحَدِيثَ، وَهُوَ فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٨/١٥٦ - ١٥٧ (كِتَابِ الْفَرَائِضِ، بَابِ إِذَا ادَّعَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ ابْنًا) مُسْلِمٍ ٣/١٣٤٤ - ١٣٤٥ كِتَابِ الْأَقْضِيَةِ بَابِ بَيَانِ اخْتِلَافِ الْمُجْتَهِدِينَ، وَأَوَّلُهُ فِيهِ: بَيْنَمَا امْرَأَتَانِ مَعَهُمَا ابْنَاهُمَا، وَكَذَلِكَ أَوَّلُ الْحَدِيثِ فِي سُنَنِ النَّسَائِيِّ ٨/٢٠٦ - ٢٠٧ كِتَابِ آدَابِ الْقُضَاةِ بَابِ حُكْمِ الْحَاكِمِ، وَجَاءَتْ فِيهِ رِوَايَةٌ أُخْرَى ٨/٢٠٧ بَابُ السِّعَةِ لِلْحَاكِمِ أَنْ يَقُولَ لِلشَّيْءِ، وَالْحَدِيثُ أَيْضًا فِي الْمُسْنَدِ ط. الْمَعَارِفِ ١٦/٢٠٢

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