Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

found no course of action more compelling, in the circumstances confronting us, than pledging allegiance to Abū Bakr. We feared that if we left the people without an allegiance having been concluded, they would pledge allegiance to one of their own after our departure. We would then either pledge allegiance to them (1) on terms we did not accept (2), or oppose them (3), thereby causing disorder. Whoever pledges allegiance to a man without (4) consulting the Muslims should not be followed (5), nor should the man (6) to whom he pledged allegiance, lest they both be killed.” (7)

Mālik (8) said: Ibn Shihāb also informed me, on the authority of ‘Urwa ibn al-Zubayr, that the two men whom they had met (9) were ‘Uwaymir (10) ibn Sā‘ida and Ma‘n ibn ‘Adī—both of whom had witnessed Badr (11). (Al-Ma‘ārif ed., 1/327.)

Ibn Shihāb said:

Sa‘īd ibn al-Musayyib also informed me that

(1) (H) and (R) read: “We would then either pledge allegiance to them”; (Y) reads: “We would then either pledge allegiance to them—we pledged allegiance to them.” (2) (T) reads: “on terms that do not please Allah.” (3) Al-Bukhārī reads: “or else we would oppose them.” (4) (H) and (B): *rajulan min ghayri* (“a man without”); *rajulan ghayra* (“a man, without”). (5) (H), (Y), and (N) read: “then he should not pledge allegiance.” (6) (H) and (B) read: “he and the one to whom he pledged allegiance.” (7) This hadith appears in al-Bukhārī at the locations I have cited. An excerpt from this lengthy hadith, narrated by ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAbbās from ʿUmar ibn al-Khattāb—may Allah be pleased with them—also appears in Muslim, 3/1317 (Book of Prescribed Punishments, chapter “Stoning a Previously Married Person for Adultery”); *Sunan Abī Dāwūd*, 4/203–204 (Book of Prescribed Punishments, chapter “Stoning”); *Sunan al-Tirmidhī*, 2/422–443 (Book of Prescribed Punishments, chapter “Affirming the Penalty of Stoning”); *Sunan Ibn Mājah*, 2/853 (Book of Prescribed Punishments, chapter “Stoning”); *al-Muwattaʾ*, 2/823 (Book of Prescribed Punishments, chapter “What Has Been Related Concerning Stoning”); and *al-Musnad* (al-Maʿārif ed.), 1/323–327. The hadith is given at length in *al-Musnad*. Shaykh Ahmad Shākir said in his commentary on it: “This hadith dates from the year 23, shortly before ʿUmar was killed.” (8) This refers to Mālik ibn Anas, the transmitter of the hadith. He did not include it in full in *al-Muwattaʾ*, but only an abridged excerpt. The addition that follows appears in *al-Musnad* (al-Maʿārif ed.), 1/327. (9) (Y) reads: “the two men whom the two of them had met.” (10) *ʿUwaymir*: thus in *al-Musnad*; all the manuscripts read *ʿUwaym*. (11) The phrase “both of whom had witnessed Badr” is an explanatory addition by Ibn Taymiyyah; it is found neither in *al-Musnad* nor in (M).
مَا وَجَدْنَا فِيمَا حَضَرْنَا مِنْ أَمْرٍ أَقْوَى مِنْ مُبَايَعَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، خَشِينَا إِنْ فَارَقْنَا الْقَوْمَ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ بَيْعَةٌ أَنْ يُبَايِعُوا رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ بَعْدَنَا، فَإِمَّا بَايَعْنَاهُمْ (١) عَلَى مَا لَا نَرْضَى (٢) ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ نُخَالِفَهُمْ (٣) فَيَكُونَ فَسَادٌ، فَمَنْ بَايَعَ رَجُلًا عَلَى غَيْرِ (٤) مَشُورَةٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلَا يُتَابِعُ (٥) هُوَ وَلَا الَّذِي (٦) بَايَعَهُ تَغِرَّةَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَا " (٧) قَالَ مَالِكٌ (٨) : وَأَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ: أَنَّ الرَّجُلَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ لَقِيَاهُمَا (٩) . عُوَيْمِرُ (١٠) (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ ١/٣٢٧. بْنُ سَاعِدَةَ وَمَعْنُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ - وَهُمَا مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا (١١) - قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ: أَنَّ
(١) ح، ر: فَإِمَّا أَنْ نُبَايِعَهُمْ، ي: فَإِمَّا أَنْ نُبَايِعَهُمْ بَايَعْنَاهُمْ. (٢) ت: عَلَى مَا لَا يَرْضَى اللَّهُ. (٣) الْبُخَارِيِّ: وَإِمَّا نُخَالِفُهُمْ. (٤) ح، ب: رَجُلًا مِنْ غَيْرِ، رَجُلًا غَيْرَ. (٥) ح، ي، ن: فَلَا يُبَايِعُ. (٦) ح، ب: هُوَ وَالَّذِي. (٧) جَاءَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ فِي الْبُخَارِيِّ فِي الْمَوَاضِعِ الَّتِي أَشَرْتُ إِلَيْهَا، وَجَاءَتْ قِطْعَةٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ الطَّوِيلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ فِي مُسْلِمٍ ٣/١٣١٧ (كِتَابُ الْحُدُودِ بَابُ رَجْمِ الثَّيِّبِ فِي الزِّنَا) ، سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٤/٢٠٣ - ٢٠٤ (كِتَابُ الْحُدُودِ، بَابٌ فِي الرَّجْمِ) ، سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٢/٤٢٢ - ٤٤٣ (كِتَابُ الْحُدُودِ، بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي تَحْقِيقِ الرَّجْمِ) ، سُنَنِ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ ٢/٨٥٣ (كِتَابُ الْحُدُودِ بَابُ الرَّجْمِ) ، الْمُوَطَّأِ ٢/٨٢٣ (كِتَابُ الْحُدُودِ بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الرَّجْمِ) ، الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ١/٣٢٣ - ٣٢٧ وَجَاءَ الْحَدِيثُ فِي الْمُسْنَدِ مُطَوَّلًا وَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَدُ شَاكِر فِي شَرْحِهِ لِلْحَدِيثِ: " وَكَانَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ فِي سَنَةِ ٢٣ قُبَيْلَ مَقْتَلِ عُمَرَ ". (٨) وَهُوَ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ رَاوِي الْحَدِيثِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُورِدْهُ فِي الْمُوَطَّأِ كَامِلًا بَلْ أَوْرَدُ قِطْعَةً مُخْتَصَرَةً مِنْهُ، وَالزِّيَادَةُ التَّالِيَةُ فِي الْمُسْنَدِ " ط. الْمَعَارِفِ " ١/٣٢٧ (٩) ي: اللَّذَيْنِ لَقِيَاهُمَا (١٠) عُوَيْمِرُ كَذَا فِي الْمُسْنَدِ وَفِي جَمِيعِ النُّسَخِ: عُوَيْمٌ (١١) عِبَارَةُ " وَهُمَا مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا " إِيضَاحٌ مِنَ ابْنِ تَيْمِيَّةَ: وَلَيْسَتْ فِي " الْمُسْنَدِ " وَلَا فِي (م) .

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