Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (5/462)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

The response is that this hadith is one of the greatest virtues of al-Siddīq—may Allah be pleased with him—and among the clearest proofs that he did not [desire supremacy on earth or corruption, and therefore was not] (1) a seeker of leadership, nor was he an oppressor. Rather, he merely commanded the people to obey Allah and His Messenger. He said to them: “If I remain steadfast in obeying Allah, then assist me in doing so; but if I deviate from that obedience, set me straight.” He also said: “[O people] (2), obey me so long as I obey Allah; but if I disobey Allah, you owe me no obedience.”

The devil that assails him also assails all the children of Adam (3), for there is no one to whom Allah has not [indeed] (4) assigned an angelic companion and a companion from among the jinn. The devil circulates through the son of Adam (5) as blood does. As related in the two Sahih collections, the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: “There is no one to whom Allah has not assigned an angelic companion and a companion from among the jinn.” He was asked, “Even you, O Messenger of Allah?” He replied, “Even me, except that Allah has helped me against him, and so he submitted and commands me to do nothing but good.” (6)

It is also authentically reported from him that he said: “When some of the Ansar passed by him while he was speaking with

(1) The text enclosed in square brackets is omitted from (N) and (M). (2) “O people” is omitted from (N) and (M). (3) (N) reads: “all people.” (4) *Wa-qad* (“and indeed”) is omitted from (N) and (M). (5) (R) reads: “from among the children of Adam.” (6) The hadith narrated from Abd Allah ibn Masūd—may Allah be pleased with him—with the wording, “There is none among you…” is found in Muslim, 4/2167–2168 (Book of the Characteristics of the Hypocrites and Rulings Concerning Them, chapter “Satan’s Incitement and His Dispatch of Detachments”); *Sunan al-Dārimī*, 2/306 (Book of Heart-Softening Traditions, chapter “There Is No One but That He Has a Companion from the Jinn”); and *al-Musnad* (al-Ma‘ārif ed.), 5/235–236, 293–294, 306; 6/182 (with the wording, “There is no one…”).

وَالْجَوَابُ: أَنْ يُقَالَ: هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ أَكْبَرِ فَضَائِلِ الصِّدِّيقِ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - وَأَدَلِّهَا عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ [يُرِيدُ عُلُوًّا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فَسَادًا، فَلَمْ يَكُنْ] (١) طَالِبَ رِيَاسَةٍ، وَلَا كَانَ ظَالِمًا، وَإِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَأْمُرُ النَّاسَ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: إِنِ اسْتَقَمْتُ عَلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ فَأَعِينُونِي عَلَيْهَا، وَإِنْ زِغْتُ عَنْهَا فَقَوِّمُونِي، كَمَا قَالَ أَيْضًا: [أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ] (٢) أَطِيعُونِي مَا أَطَعْتُ اللَّهَ، فَإِذَا عَصَيْتُ اللَّهَ فَلَا طَاعَةَ لِي عَلَيْكُمْ. وَالشَّيْطَانُ الَّذِي يَعْتَرِيهِ يَعْتَرِي جَمِيعَ بَنِي (٣) آدَمَ، فَإِنَّهُ مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا [وَقَدْ] (٤) وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ قَرِينَهُ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَقَرِينَهُ مِنَ الْجِنِّ. وَالشَّيْطَانُ يَجْرِي مِنِ ابْنِ آدَمَ (٥) مَجْرَى الدَّمِ، كَمَا فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنَّهُ قَالَ: (مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا وَقَدْ وَكَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ قَرِينَهُ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَقَرِينَهُ مِنَ الْجِنِّ " قِيلَ: وَأَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: " وَأَنَا إِلَّا أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَعَانَنِي عَلَيْهِ فَأَسْلَمَ، فَلَا يَأْمُرُنِي إِلَّا بِخَيْرٍ " (٦) . وَفِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْهُ قَالَ: «لَمَّا مَرَّ بِهِ بَعْضُ الْأَنْصَارِ وَهُوَ يَتَحَدَّثُ مَعَ

(١) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٢) أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٣) ن: جَمِيعَ النَّاسِ. (٤) وَقَدْ سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٥) ر: مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ. (٦) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بِلَفْظِ: مَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَخْ فِي مُسْلِمٍ ٤/٢١٦٧ - ٢١٦٨ (كِتَابُ صِفَاتِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَأَحْكَامِهِمْ، بَابُ تَحْرِيشِ الشَّيْطَانِ وَبَعْثِ سَرَايَاهُ. .) ، سُنَنِ الدَّارِمِيِّ ٢/٣٠٦ (كِتَابُ الرِّقَاقِ، بَابُ مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا وَمَعَهُ قَرِينُهُ مِنَ الْجِنِّ) ، الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ٥/٢٣٥ - ٢٣٦، ٢٩٣ - ٢٩٤، ٣٠٦ ٦/١٨٢ (بِلَفْظِ: مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ. .) .