and unconsciousness, he would not be held accountable for what proceeded from him while he was not legally responsible. There is no doubt that this stems from weakness of reason and discernment.
As for the annihilation mentioned by the author of “The Stations,” it is annihilation in affirming Allah’s exclusive Lordship, not His exclusive right to worship (1). He affirms Allah’s exclusive Lordship while denying secondary causes and divine wisdoms, as is the doctrine of the determinist Qadariyya (2), such as Jahm ibn Safwān and his followers, al-Asharī, and others.
Shaykh al-Islam (3)—although, may Allah have mercy on him, he was among those most vehemently opposed to the Jahmiyya concerning the divine Attributes, and authored “The Criterion for Distinguishing Those Who Affirm the Attributes from Those Who Deny Them” (4), “Declaring the Jahmiyya Unbelievers” (5), and “Censure of Kalām and Its Adherents” (6), and went so far in this matter that he came to be described as excessive in affirming the Attributes—nevertheless followed the Jahmiyya regarding the divine decree, for they deny divine wisdoms and secondary causes.
(1) N and M read: *al-ulūhiyya* (divinity).
(2) H and B read: *al-qudra wa-al-mujbira* (power and the determinists).
(3) By this, Ibn Taymiyya means Abū Ismāʿīl al-Harawī al-Ansārī, author of *Manāzil al-Sāʾirīn* (The Stations of the Wayfarers).
(4) W reads: *al-Fārūq bayna al-Muthbita* (The Criterion between Those Who Affirm [the Attributes])… Muhammad Saʿīd al-Afghānī mentioned this work in his book on al-Harawī, stating (p. 102): “Ibn Rajab mentioned it on p. 51 of his book *al-Dhayl ʿalā Tabaqāt al-Hanābila*. Ismāʿīl Pasha also referred to it (vol. 1, p. 452), as did the erudite al-Subkī (*Tabaqāt al-Shāfiʿiyya*, vol. [0–9], p. [0–9] 20).”
(5) Al-Harawī al-Ansārī mentioned it in his book *Dhamm al-Kalām wa-Ahlihi* (Censure of Kalām and Its Adherents); see al-Afghānī’s book, p. 105.
(6) Muhammad Saʿīd al-Afghānī mentioned this work in his book (pp. 104–5) and noted that manuscript copies were held at the Zāhiriyya Library, the British Museum Library in London, and the Institute of Theology in Ankara. A photographic copy was also held at the Institute of Manuscripts of the Arab League. Al-Suyūtī abridged it in his book *Sawn al-Mantiq wa-al-Kalām*. Ibn Taymiyya quoted passages from this work in *Darʾ Taʿārud al-ʿAql wa-al-Naql*, 2:82–83; 7:185.