Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (5/129)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

“If you judge between them, then judge with justice. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly. Yet why do they come to you for judgment when they have the Torah, which contains Allah’s judgment, and then turn away after that? Such people are not believers. Indeed, We revealed the Torah, containing guidance and light. By it the prophets who submitted themselves to Allah judged those who were Jews, as did the rabbis and scholars, for they had been entrusted with preserving Allah’s Book and were witnesses to it. So do not fear people; fear Me. And do not trade My revelations for a paltry price. Those who do not judge according to what Allah has revealed are indeed the disbelievers.”

[Surah al-Mā’idah: 42–44].

Up to His words:

“Let the people of the Gospel judge according to what Allah has revealed in it. Those who do not judge according to what Allah has revealed are the defiantly disobedient. We have revealed to you the Book in truth, confirming the Scriptures that preceded it and serving as an authority over them. So judge between them according to what Allah has revealed, and do not follow their desires in place of the truth that has come to you. To each of you We prescribed a law and a way. Had Allah willed, He would have made you one community, but He tests you through what He has given you. So compete with one another in good deeds. To Allah you will all return, and He will then inform you concerning that over which you differed. And judge between them according to what Allah has revealed, and do not follow their desires. Beware lest they turn you away from some of what Allah has revealed to you. If they turn away, then know that Allah intends only to afflict them for some of their sins. Indeed, many people are defiantly disobedient. Is it the judgment of the Age of Ignorance that they seek? Who could be better than Allah in judgment for people who have certainty?”

[Surah al-Mā’idah: 47–50].

Allah—Glorified is He—mentioned the rulings of the Torah and the Gospel. He then stated that He had revealed the Quran and commanded His Prophet to judge between them by the Quran and not to follow their desires in opposition to what had come to him from the Book. He also stated that He prescribed for every prophet a law and a way. Thus, He assigned to Moses and Jesus the law and the way contained in the Torah and the Gospel (1), and He assigned to the Prophet—may Allah bless him

(1) H, R: “and the ways.”

{وَإِنْ حَكَمْتَ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُقْسِطِينَ - وَكَيْفَ يُحَكِّمُونَكَ وَعِنْدَهُمُ التَّوْرَاةُ فِيهَا حُكْمُ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّوْنَ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ وَمَا أُولَئِكَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ - إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَا التَّوْرَاةَ فِيهَا هُدًى وَنُورٌ يَحْكُمُ بِهَا النَّبِيُّونَ الَّذِينَ أَسْلَمُوا لِلَّذِينَ هَادُوا وَالرَّبَّانِيُّونَ وَالْأَحْبَارُ بِمَا اسْتُحْفِظُوا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَكَانُوا عَلَيْهِ شُهَدَاءَ فَلَا تَخْشَوُا النَّاسَ وَاخْشَوْنِ وَلَا تَشْتَرُوا بِآيَاتِي ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ} [سُورَةُ الْمَائِدَةِ ٤٢ - ٤٤] . إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: {وَلْيَحْكُمْ أَهْلُ الْإِنْجِيلِ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ - وَأَنْزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ وَمُهَيْمِنًا عَلَيْهِ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ عَمَّا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ لِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مِنْكُمْ شِرْعَةً وَمِنْهَاجًا وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَلَكِنْ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ فِي مَا آتَاكُمْ فَاسْتَبِقُوا الْخَيْرَاتِ إِلَى اللَّهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ جَمِيعًا فَيُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ - وَأَنِ احْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ وَاحْذَرْهُمْ أَنْ يَفْتِنُوكَ عَنْ بَعْضِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَهُمْ بِبَعْضِ ذُنُوبِهِمْ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنَ النَّاسِ لَفَاسِقُونَ - أَفَحُكْمَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَبْغُونَ وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ اللَّهِ حُكْمًا لِقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَ} [سُورَةُ الْمَائِدَةِ ٤٧ - ٥٠] . ذَكَرَ سُبْحَانَهُ حُكْمَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنْجِيلِ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ أَنْزَلَ الْقُرْآنَ، وَأَمَرَ نَبِيَّهُ أَنْ يَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقُرْآنِ وَلَا يَتَّبِعَ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ عَمَّا جَاءَهُ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ، وَأَخْبَرَ أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ شِرْعَةً وَمِنْهَاجًا فَجَعَلَ لِمُوسَى وَعِيسَى مَا فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنْجِيلِ مِنَ الشِّرْعَةِ وَالْمِنْهَاجِ (١) ، وَجَعَلَ لِلنَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ

(١) ح، ر: وَالْمَنَاهِجِ.