Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (5/71)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

Another is that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—is far too exalted to boast of his grandfather and his cousin (1).

Another is that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—did not enter into a pact of brotherhood with ‘Alī or anyone else. The report that he made ‘Alī his brother, and that Abū Bakr was paired in brotherhood with ‘Umar, is among the fabrications. He established brotherhood only between the Emigrants and the Helpers; he did not establish it between one Emigrant and another.

Another is that this proclamation on the day of Badr is a lie.

Another is that Dhū al-Fiqār did not belong to ‘Alī. Rather, it was one of Abū Jahl’s swords, which the Muslims took from him as spoils on the day of Badr. Thus, on the day of Badr, Dhū al-Fiqār was not one of the Muslims’ swords but one of the disbelievers’ swords, as related by the compilers of the Sunan collections. Imam Ahmad, al-Tirmidhī, and Ibn Mājah narrated from Ibn ‘Abbās that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—took his sword Dhū al-Fiqār (3) as an extra share of the spoils (2) on the day of Badr (4).

Another is that, after receiving prophethood, the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—was a mature man who had already passed the age of youth.

(1) B alone reads: “or his cousin.” (2) B alone reads: *nafala* (“assigned as an extra share”). (3) B reads: *sayfa Dhī al-Faqār* (“the sword of Dhū al-Faqār”); A: *sayf Dhū al-Faqār* (“a sword—Dhū al-Faqār”); N: *sayfuhu Dhū al-Faqār* (“his sword, Dhū al-Faqār”). (4) The hadith is narrated from Ibn ‘Abbās—may Allah be pleased with them both—in *Sunan al-Tirmidhī*, 3/60–61, Book of Military Expeditions, chapter “Extra Shares from the Spoils.” Al-Tirmidhī said: “This is a *hasan gharīb* (fair and uncommon) hadith.” It is also found in *Sunan Ibn Mājah*, 2/939, Book of Jihad, chapter “Weapons.” A longer version appears in *al-Musnad*, al-Ma‘ārif ed., 4/146–147. Shaykh Ahmad Shākir—may Allah have mercy on him—said: “Its chain of transmission is sound.” Ibn Kathīr also cited the hadith in *al-Tārīkh*, 4/11–12, from al-Bayhaqī’s narration through Ibn Wahb, from Ibn Abī al-Zinād, in a version longer than the one given here. *Dhū al-Faqār* is pronounced with an a-vowel on the letter *fā’*. It was so named because it had small, well-formed indentations. A *mufaqqar* sword is one with grooves recessed below the flat of its blade.

وَمِنْهَا: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَجَلُّ مِنْ أَنْ يَفْتَخِرَ بِجَدِّهِ وَابْنِ عَمِّهِ (١) . وَمِنْهَا: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَمْ يُؤَاخِ عَلِيًّا وَلَا غَيْرَهُ، وَحَدِيثُ الْمُؤَاخَاةِ لِعَلِيٍّ وَمُؤَاخَاةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ لِعُمَرَ مِنَ الْأَكَاذِيبِ. وَإِنَّمَا آخَى بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، وَلَمْ يُؤَاخِ بَيْنَ مُهَاجِرِيٍّ وَمُهَاجِرِيٍّ. وَمِنْهَا: أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْمُنَادَاةَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ كَذِبٌ. وَمِنْهَا: أَنَّ ذَا الْفَقَارِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِعَلِيٍّ، وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ سَيْفًا مِنْ سُيُوفِ أَبِي جَهْلٍ غَنِمَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْهُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ، فَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ ذُو الْفَقَارِ مِنْ سُيُوفِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، بَلْ مِنْ سُيُوفِ الْكُفَّارِ، كَمَا رَوَى ذَلِكَ أَهْلُ السُّنَنِ. فَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - تَنَفَّلَ (٢) سَيْفَهُ ذَا الْفَقَارِ (٣) يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ (٤) . وَمِنْهَا: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَانَ بَعْدَ النُّبُوَّةِ كَهْلًا قَدْ تَعَدَّى سِنَّ الْفِتْيَانِ.

(١) ب فَقَطْ: أَوِ ابْنِ عَمِّهِ. (٢) ب فَقَطْ: نَفَلَ. (٣) ب: سَيْفَ ذِي الْفَقَارِ، أ: سَيْف ذو الْفَقَارِ ن: سَيْفُهُ ذُو الْفَقَارِ. (٤) الْحَدِيثَ. عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٣/٦٠ - ٦١ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ بَابُ: فِي النَّفْلِ؛ وَقَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ، وَهُوَ فِي: سُنَنِ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ ٢/٩٣٩ كِتَابُ الْجِهَادِ بَابُ السِّلَاحِ، وَجَاءَ الْحَدِيثُ مُطَوَّلًا فِي: الْمُسْنَدُ ط. الْمَعَارِفِ ٤/١٤٦ - ١٤٧ وَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَد شَاكِر رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ: إِسْنَادُهُ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْحَدِيثُ ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ فِي التَّارِيخِ ٤/١١ - ١٢ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ الْبَيْهَقِيِّ مِنْ طَرِيقِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ بِأَطْوَلَ مِمَّا هُنَا. ذُو الْفَقَارِ بِفَتْحِ الْفَاءِ، سُمِّيَ بِذَلِكَ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَتْ فِيهِ حُفَرٌ صِغَارٌ حِسَانٌ، وَالسَّيْفُ الْمُفَقَّرُ: الَّذِي فِيهِ حُزُوزٌ مُطَمَئِنَّةٌ عَنْ مَتْنِهِ.