Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (5/69)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

Abū Lubāba as his deputy during the expedition against Banū Qaynuqā‘ and the expedition of al-Sawīq. He appointed ‘Uthmān ibn ‘Affān as his deputy during the expedition against Ghatafān, known as the expedition of Anmār, and during the expedition of Dhāt al-Riqā‘. He appointed Ibn Rawāha during the expedition of Badr al-Maw‘id; Sibā‘ ibn ‘Arfata al-Ghifārī during the expeditions of Dūmat al-Jandal and Khaybar; Zayd ibn Hāritha during the expedition of al-Muraysī‘; and Abū Rahm (1) during the ‘umra (2) of the Settlement *) (3).

Those appointments as deputy were more substantial than ‘Alī’s appointment as deputy—may Allah be pleased with him—in the year of Tabūk. All of them stood in relation to him as Aaron did to Moses (4), for the intended comparison concerns only the basic fact of being appointed as deputy (5).

If it is said, “The journey to Tabūk was long,” the response is: Medina and its surroundings were secure, and there was no enemy there to be feared, because all of them had embraced Islam, while those who had not had departed. On expeditions other than Tabūk, however, enemies were present around Medina, and there was reason to fear for those who remained there. His deputy therefore needed to exercise greater judgment, whereas this was unnecessary for the appointment during the expedition to Tabūk (6).

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Likewise, there is the aforementioned hadith narrated from Ibn ‘Abbās: “The Chosen One—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said one day (7), while in high spirits: ‘I am the young man, son of the young man, and brother of the young man.’” He said:

(1) N and M read: “and Abū Rahm.” (2) R and H read: “during the expedition.” (3) The passage between the two asterisks is omitted from W. (4) N, M, and W read: “and all of them stood in relation to him as”; R, H, and Y read: “and all of them were.” (5) N reads: “the appointments as deputy.” (6) N, M, and W read: “in the appointment as deputy during Tabūk.” The phrase “during Tabūk” is omitted from H, Y, and R. (7) “One day” is omitted from N, M, and W.

أَبَا لُبَابَةَ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ وَغَزْوَةِ السَّوِيقِ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ فِي غَزْوَةِ غَطَفَانَ الَّتِي يُقَالُ لَهَا غَزْوَةُ أَنْمَارٍ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَهُ فِي غَزْوَةِ ذَاتِ الرِّقَاعِ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ فِي غَزْوَةِ بَدْرٍ الْمَوْعِدَ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ سِبَاعَ بْنَ عَرْفَطَةَ الْغِفَارِيَّ فِي غَزْوَةِ دَوْمَةِ الْجَنْدَلِ وَفِي غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ فِي غَزْوَةِ الْمُرَيْسِيعِ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ أَبَا رَهْمٍ (١) فِي عُمْرَةِ (٢) الْقَضِيَّةِ *) (٣) ، وَكَانَتْ تِلْكَ الِاسْتِخْلَافَاتُ أَكْمَلَ مِنِ اسْتِخْلَافِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَامَ تَبُوكَ، وَكُلُّهُمْ كَانُوا مِنْهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ (٤) هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى، إِذِ الْمُرَادُ التَّشْبِيهُ فِي أَصْلِ الِاسْتِخْلَافِ (٥) . وَإِذَا قِيلَ: فِي تَبُوكَ كَانَ السَّفَرُ بَعِيدًا. قِيلَ: وَلَكِنْ كَانَتِ الْمَدِينَةُ وَمَا حَوْلَهَا أَمْنًا، لَمْ يَكُنْ هُنَاكَ عَدْوٌ يُخَافُ، لِأَنَّهُمْ كُلُّهُمْ أَسْلَمُوا، وَمَنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ ذَهَبَ. وَفِي غَيْرِ تَبُوكَ كَانَ الْعَدُوُّ مَوْجُودًا حَوْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَكَانَ يَخَافُ عَلَى مَنْ بِهَا، فَكَانَ خَلِيفَتُهُ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى مَزِيدِ اجْتِهَادٍ وَلَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ فِي الِاسْتِخْلَافِ فِي تَبُوكَ (٦) . فَصْلٌ وَكَذَلِكَ الْحَدِيثُ الْمَذْكُورُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: «أَنَّ الْمُصْطَفَى - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ (٧) وَهُوَ نَشِيطٌ: " أَنَا الْفَتَى ابْنُ الْفَتَى أَخُو الْفَتَى» " قَالَ:

(١) ن، م: وَأَبَا رَهْمٍ. (٢) ر، ح: فِي غَزْوَةِ. (٣) مَا بَيْنَ النَّجْمَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (و) . (٤) ن، م، و: وَكُلُّهُمْ كَانَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ ر، ح، ي: وَكُلُّهُمْ كَانَ. (٥) ن: الِاسْتِخْلَافَاتِ. (٦) ن، م، و: فِي اسْتِخْلَافِ تَبُوكَ، وَسَقَطَتْ عِبَارَةُ " فِي تَبُوكَ " مِنْ: (ح) ، (ي) ، (ر) . (٧) ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) ، (و) .