Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/594)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

It is established in the Sahih that he said:

“Charity is not lawful for Muhammad or the family of Muhammad.”

It is also established in the Sahih that “al-Fadl ibn al-Abbas and [Abd al-Muttalib](1) ibn Rabīʿah ibn al-Hārith ibn Abd al-Muttalib asked him—may blessings and peace be upon him—to appoint them to administer the charity. He replied, ‘Charity is not lawful for Muhammad or the family of Muhammad; it is merely the impurities of the people.’”(2) He thus made clear(3) that charity is forbidden to the descendants of al-Abbas and the descendants of al-Hārith ibn Abd al-Muttalib, for they belong to the family of Muhammad.

It is established in the Sahih collections that “he gave the share allotted to close relatives to the descendants of al-Muttalib ibn Abd Manāf and said, ‘The descendants of Hāshim and the descendants of al-Muttalib are one and the same. They never parted from us(4), either in the pre-Islamic period or in Islam.’”(5)

These are more distantly related than the descendants of al-Abbas and those of al-Hārith ibn Abd al-Muttalib; yet all of them are among the close relatives. The scholars therefore agree that the descendants of al-Abbas and those of al-Hārith ibn Abd al-Muttalib belong to the family of Muhammad, to whom charity is forbidden,

(1) “Abd al-Muttalib” is an addition found only in MS B. (2) The hadith is narrated by Abd al-Muttalib ibn Rabī'ah ibn al-Hārith from Rabī'ah ibn al-Hārith and al-Abbās ibn Abd al-Muttalib. See Muslim, 2/752–753 (Book of Zakat, chapter on refraining from appointing members of the Prophet’s family to administer charity); Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 3/203–204 (Book of Land Tax, Governance, and Fay', chapter explaining where the fifth and the share of close relatives are to be distributed); Sunan al-Nasā'ī, 5/79–80 (Book of Zakat, chapter on appointing members of the Prophet’s family—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—to administer charity); al-Muwatta', 2/1000 (Book of Charity, chapter on what is disliked regarding charity); and al-Musnad (al-Halabī ed.), 4/166. (3) MS B reads: “Thus it became clear.” (4) MS B alone reads: “They never parted from me.” (5) The hadith is narrated from Jubayr ibn Mut'im—may Allah be pleased with him—in Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 3/200–201 (Book of Land Tax, Governance, and Fay', chapter explaining where the fifth and the share of close relatives are to be distributed); Sunan al-Nasā'ī, 7/118–119 (Book of the Distribution of Fay'); and al-Musnad (al-Halabī ed.), 4/81.

وَقَدْ ثَبَتَ فِي الصَّحِيحِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: " «إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ لِمُحَمَّدٍ وَلَا لِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ» " . وَثَبَتَ فِي الصَّحِيحِ «أَنَّ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ الْعَبَّاسِ وَ [عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ] (١) بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ طَلَبَا مِنْهُ - عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ - أَنْ يُوَلِّيَهُمَا عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ، فَقَالَ: " إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَا تَحِلُّ لِمُحَمَّدٍ وَلَا لِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَإِنَّمَا هِيَ أَوْسَاخُ النَّاسِ» " (٢) فَبَيَّنَ (٣) أَنَّ وَلَدَ الْعَبَّاسِ وَوَلَدَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ تَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّدَقَةُ. وَثَبَتَ فِي الصِّحَاحِ «أَنَّهُ أَعْطَى مِنْ سَهْمِ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى لِبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، وَقَالَ: " إِنَّمَا بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُو الْمُطَّلِبِ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ، إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُفَارِقُونَا (٤) فِي جَاهِلِيَّةٍ وَلَا إِسْلَامٍ» " (٥) . وَهَؤُلَاءِ أَبْعَدُ مِنْ بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ وَبَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ; فَهَؤُلَاءِ كُلُّهُمْ مِنْ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى. وَلِهَذَا اتَّفَقَ الْعُلَمَاءُ عَلَى أَنَّ بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ وَبَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ الَّذِينَ تَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّدَقَةُ،

(١) عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (ب) فَقَطْ. (٢) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ وَالْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فِي: مُسْلِمٍ ٢/٧٥٢ ٧٥٣ (كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ، بَابُ تَرْكِ اسْتِعْمَالِ آلِ النَّبِيِّ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ) ; سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٣/٢٠٣ ٢٠٤ (كِتَابُ الْخَرَاجِ وَالْإِمَارَةِ وَالْفَيْءِ، بَابٌ فِي بَيَانِ مَوَاضِعِ قَسْمِ الْخُمُسِ وَسَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى) ; سُنَنِ النَّسَائِيِّ ٥/٧٩ ٨٠ (كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ، بَابُ اسْتِعْمَالِ آلِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ) ; الْمُوَطَّأِ ٢/١٠٠٠ (كِتَابُ الصَّدَقَةِ، بَابُ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ) ; الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْحَلَبِيِّ) ٤/١٦٦. (٣) ب: فَتَبَيَّنَ. (٤) ب (فَقَطْ) : لَمْ يُفَارِقُونِي. (٥) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٣/٢٠٠ ٢٠١ (كِتَابُ الْخَرَاجِ وَالْإِمَارَةِ وَالْفَيْءِ، بَابٌ فِي بَيَانِ مَوَاضِعِ قَسْمِ الْخُمُسِ وَسَهْمِ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى) ; سُنَنِ النَّسَائِيِّ ٧/١١٨ ١١٩ (كِتَابُ قَسْمِ الْفَيْءِ) ; الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْحَلَبِيِّ) ٤/٨١.