Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/563)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

tribe of Quraysh (1) that did not share a bond of kinship with the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him. He therefore said:

“‘I ask no reward of you for it except affection for near kin’: that is, only that you show affection toward me (2) on account of the kinship between me and you.”

This was narrated by al-Bukhārī and others (3).

A number of Sunni and Shia authors, including some of Ahmad’s followers and others, have cited a hadith from the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—stating: “When this verse was revealed, they asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, who are these people?’ He replied, ‘Alī, Fātima, and their two sons.’” This is a lie by consensus of those knowledgeable [in hadith] (4).

[Further evidence of this is that this verse was revealed in Mecca, by scholarly consensus] (5), for the whole of Surah al-Shūrā is Meccan. Indeed, the entire Hā Mīm group consists of Meccan surahs. Moreover, Alī did not marry Fātima until he was in Medina, as previously mentioned, and al-Hasan and al-Husayn were not born to him until the third and fourth years after the Hijra, respectively. How, then, could it be that “when the verse was revealed in Mecca, they asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, who are these people?’ He replied, ‘Alī, Fātima, and their two sons’”?

The hadith master Abd al-Ghanī al-Maqdisī said:

“Al-Hasan was born in the third year after the Hijra, halfway through Ramadan. This is the soundest view on the matter. Al-Husayn was born when five days of Shabān had passed, in the fourth year after the Hijra.”

He said:

“It is also said that he was born in the third year.”

I say: Whoever holds this view maintains that al-Hasan was born in the second year (6), and this view

(1) N and M read: “from the Arabs, Quraysh”; W: “from the Arabs.” (2) N reads: “except that you [plural] harm me”; W, S, and R: “except that you [plural] do not harm me”; A: “except that you [singular] harm me.” (3) This hadith was cited previously at 4/25–26. (4) N and M read: “the people of knowledge.” (5) The text within square brackets is omitted from N and M. (6) He states: “Al-Husayn was born in 2 AH,” but this is an error.

تَكُنْ قَبِيلَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ (١) إِلَّا وَبَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَرَابَةٌ، فَقَالَ: " {لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى} : إِلَّا أَنْ تَوَدُّونِي (٢) فِي الْقَرَابَةِ الَّتِي بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ (٣) . وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْمُصَنِّفِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ وَالْجَمَاعَةِ وَالشِّيعَةِ، مِنْ أَصْحَابِ أَحْمَدَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، حَدِيثًا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - «أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ؟ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ وَفَاطِمَةُ وَابْنَاهُمَا» . وَهَذَا كَذِبٌ بِاتِّفَاقِ أَهْلِ الْمَعْرِفَةِ [بِالْحَدِيثِ] (٤) . [وَمِمَّا يُبَيِّنُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ بِمَكَّةَ بِاتِّفَاقِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ] (٥) ; فَإِنَّ سُورَةَ الشُّورَى جَمِيعَهَا مَكِّيَّةٌ، بَلْ جَمِيعَ آلِ حم كُلَّهُنَّ مَكِّيَّاتٌ، وَعَلِيٌّ لَمْ يَتَزَوَّجْ فَاطِمَةَ إِلَّا بِالْمَدِينَةِ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ، وَلَمْ يُولَدْ لَهُ الْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ إِلَّا فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ وَالرَّابِعَةِ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ، فَكَيْفَ يُمْكِنُ أَنَّهَا «لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ بِمَكَّةَ قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ؟ قَالَ: عَلِيٌّ وَفَاطِمَةُ وَابْنَاهُمَا» . قَالَ الْحَافِظُ عَبْدُ الْغَنِيِّ الْمَقْدِسِيُّ: " وُلِدَ الْحَسَنُ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ فِي النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ. هَذَا أَصَحُّ مَا قِيلَ فِيهِ. وَوُلِدَ الْحُسَيْنُ لِخَمْسٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ " . قَالَ: " وَقِيلَ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ " . قُلْتُ: وَمَنْ قَالَ هَذَا يَقُولُ: إِنَّ الْحَسَنَ وُلِدَ سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ (٦) ، وَهَذَا

(١) ن، م: مِنَ الْعَرَبِ قُرَيْشٍ، و: مِنَ الْعَرَبِ. (٢) ن: إِلَّا أَنْ تُؤْذُونِي، و، ص، ر: إِلَّا أَلَّا تُؤْذُونِي، أ: إِلَّا أَنْ تُوذُنِي. (٣) سَبَقَ الْحَدِيثُ فِيمَا مَضَى ٤/٢٥ ٢٦. (٤) ن، م: أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ. (٥) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٦) يَقُولُ: وُلِدَ الْحُسَيْنُ سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ.