Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

He also said of al-Barāʾ ibn Mālik:

[“Among Allah’s servants are those who, if they were to adjure Allah, He would surely fulfill their oath. Al-Barāʾ ibn Mālik is one of them.”] (1)

During military campaigns, they would say to al-Barāʾ ibn Mālik, “O Barāʾ, adjure your Lord!” He would then adjure his Lord, and the enemy would be routed (2).

Then, in the last campaign in which he fought, he said, “I adjure You, my Lord, to make them turn their backs to us and to make me the first martyr.” He was then martyred—may Allah be pleased with him—(3) (4).

(1) The text in square brackets is omitted from N and M. Here Ibn Taymiyyah combined two hadiths narrated from Anas ibn Mālik—may Allah be pleased with him. The first reads: “Among Allah’s servants are those whose oath Allah would fulfill if they swore by Him.” The hadith is found in: *Sahīh al-Bukhārī*, 3/186 (Book of Reconciliation, chapter on reconciliation concerning blood money) and 4/19 (Book of Jihad, chapter on the words of Allah Most High, “Among the believers are men who have been true…”); and *Sahīh Muslim*, 3/1302 (Book of Qasāma, chapter on establishing retaliation for injuries to teeth), 4/1969 (Book of the Merits of the Companions, chapter on some of the merits of Uways), and 4/2024 (Book of Virtue…, chapter on the merit of the weak and obscure). The second hadith reads: “How many a disheveled, dusty man, clad in two worn garments and held in no regard, would have his oath fulfilled by Allah if he swore by Him! Al-Barā' ibn Mālik is one of them.” It is also narrated from Anas in *Sunan al-Tirmidhī*, 5/355 (Book of Virtues, chapter on the virtues of al-Barā' ibn Mālik…). (2) A and B read: “Then the disbelievers are defeated.” (3) See this report in Ibn Hajar’s *al-Isābah*, 1/148; *al-Istīāb*, 1/142–143; and *Usd al-Ghābah*, 1. It is said that the last campaign in which he fought was the Battle of al-Yamāmah; it is also said that he was killed on the day of Tustar, in Persia. Fighting may be conducted through supplication just as it may be conducted by the hand. The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: “Are you granted provision and victory except through the weak among you—through their supplication, prayer, and sincerity?” (4) The hadith is narrated by Musab ibn Sa'd from his father, Sa'd ibn Abī Waqqās—may Allah be pleased with him—in *Sahīh al-Bukhārī*, 4/36–37 (Book of Jihad, chapter on seeking the assistance of the weak and righteous in war). Its wording is: “Musab ibn Sa'd related: Sa'd—may Allah be pleased with him—considered himself superior to those beneath him. The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—then said, ‘Are you granted victory and provision except through the weak among you?’” The hadith is reported with similar wording in *Sunan al-Nasā'ī*, 6/37–38 (Book of Jihad, chapter on seeking victory through the weak), and *al-Musnad* (al-Maārif ed.), 3/51. Shaykh Ahmad Shākir—may Allah have mercy on him—stated in his commentary: “Its chain of transmission is weak because it is disconnected.” Regarding al-Bukhārī’s version, Ibn Hajar stated in *Fath al-Bārī*, 6/88–89: “The apparent form of this account is *mursal*—missing the Companion link—because Musab did not live at the time these words were spoken. It is understood, however, that he heard them from his father. Al-Ismā'īlī’s version explicitly states that Musab narrated it from his father… Both al-Ismā'īlī and al-Nasā'ī transmitted it in this form…” Another hadith with similar wording is narrated from Abū al-Dardā'—may Allah be pleased with him—in *Sunan Abī Dāwūd*, 3/32 (Book of Jihad, chapter on attaining victory through inferior horses and the weak), and *al-Musnad* (al-Halabī ed.), 5/198.
وَقَالَ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ: [ " «إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ مَنْ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ، مِنْهُمُ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ» " ] (١) . وَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ فِي الْمَغَازِي لِلْبَرَاءِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ: يَا بَرَاءُ أَقْسِمْ عَلَى رَبِّكَ، فَيُقْسِمُ عَلَى رَبِّهِ فَيُهْزَمُ (٢) ثُمَّ فِي آخِرِ غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا قَالَ: " أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَبِّ لَمَا مَنَحْتَنَا أَكْتَافَهُمْ، وَجَعَلْتَنِي أَوَّلَ شَهِيدٍ " فَاسْتُشْهِدَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - (٣) (٤) .
(١) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . وَجَمَعَ ابْنُ تَيْمِيَّةَ هُنَا بَيْنَ حَدِيثَيْنِ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ -، الْأَوَّلُ نَصُّهُ: " إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ مَنْ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ " وَالْحَدِيثُ فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٣/١٨٦ (كِتَابُ الصُّلْحِ، بَابُ الصُّلْحِ فِي الدِّيَةِ) ٤/١٩ (كِتَابُ الْجِهَادِ، بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا. . .) ; مُسْلِمٌ ٣/١٣٠٢ (كِتَابُ الْقَسَامَةِ. بَابُ إِثْبَاتِ الْقِصَاصِ فِي الْأَسْنَانِ) ، ٤/١٩٦٩ (كِتَابُ فَضَائِلِ الصَّحَابَةِ، بَابُ مِنْ فَضَائِلِ أُوَيْسٍ) ، ٤/٢٠٢٤ (كِتَابُ الْبِرِّ. .، بَابُ فَضْلِ الضُّعَفَاءِ وَالْخَامِلِينَ) . وَالْحَدِيثُ الثَّانِي نَصُّهُ: " كَمْ مِنْ أَشْعَثَ أَغْبَرَ ذِي طِمْرَيْنِ لَا يَؤْبَهُ لَهُ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ مِنْهُمُ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ " وَهُوَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَيْضًا فِي: سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٥/٣٥٥ (كِتَابُ الْمَنَاقِبِ، بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ. .) . (٢) أ، ب: فَيَنْهَزِمُ. الْكُفَّارُ. (٣) انْظُرْ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ فِي: الْإِصَابَةِ لِابْنِ حَجَرٍ ١/١٤٨ ; الِاسْتِيعَابِ ١/١٤٢ - ١٤٣ ; أُسْدِ الْغَابَةِ ١. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ آخِرَ غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا هِيَ مَعْرَكَةُ الْيَمَامَةِ، وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ قُتِلَ يَوْمَ تُسْتَرَ مِنْ بِلَادِ فَارِسٍ.. وَالْقِتَالُ يَكُونُ بِالدُّعَاءِ كَمَا يَكُونُ بِالْيَدِ. قَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " «هَلْ تُرْزَقُونَ وَتُنْصَرُونَ إِلَّا بِضُعَفَائِكُمْ؟ بِدُعَائِهِمْ وَصَلَاتِهِمْ وَإِخْلَاصِهِمْ؟» (٤) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٤/٣٦ - ٣٧ (كِتَابُ الْجِهَادِ، بَابُ مَنِ اسْتَعَانَ بِالضُّعَفَاءِ وَالصَّالِحِينَ فِي الْحَرْبِ) وَنَصُّهُ: " عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: رَأَى سَعْدٌ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - أَنَّ لَهُ فَضْلًا عَلَى مَنْ دُونَهُ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " هَلْ تُنْصَرُونَ وَتُرْزَقُونَ إِلَّا بِضُعَفَائِكُمْ؟ " وَالْحَدِيثُ بِأَلْفَاظٍ مُقَارِبَةٍ فِي: سُنَنِ النَّسَائِيِّ ٦/٣٧ - ٣٨ (كِتَابُ الْجِهَادِ، بَابُ الِاسْتِنْصَارِ بِالضَّعِيفِ) ; الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ٣/٥١ وَقَالَ: الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَد شَاكِر - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - فِي تَعْلِيقِهِ: " إِسْنَادُهُ ضَعِيفٌ لِانْقِطَاعِهِ ". وَقَالَ ابْنُ حَجَرٍ فِي " فَتْحِ الْبَارِي " ٦/٨٨ - ٨٩ عَنْ رِوَايَةِ الْبُخَارِيِّ: " ثُمَّ إِنَّ صُورَةَ هَذَا السِّيَاقِ مُرْسَلٌ ; لِأَنَّ مُصْعَبًا لَمْ يُدْرِكْ زَمَانَ هَذَا الْقَوْلِ، لَكِنْ هُوَ مَحْمُولٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَبِيهِ، وَقَدْ وَقَعَ التَّصْرِيحُ عَنْ مُصْعَبٍ بِالرِّوَايَةِ لَهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عِنْدَ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيِّ. .، وَكَذَا أَخْرَجَهُ هُوَ، وَالنَّسَائِيُّ. .) . وَجَاءَ حَدِيثٌ آخَرُ بِأَلْفَاظٍ مُقَارِبَةٍ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: سُنَنِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٣/٣٢ (كِتَابُ الْجِهَادِ بَابٌ فِي الِانْتِصَارِ بِرُذُلِ الْخَيْلِ وَالضَّعَفَةِ) ; الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْحَلَبِيِّ) ٥/١٩٨.

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