Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/472)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

As for his statement:

“His son Yazīd killed our master al-Husayn and carried off his womenfolk as plunder.”

The reply is that, according to the unanimous agreement of the authorities on transmitted reports, Yazīd did not order al-Husayn’s killing. Rather, he wrote to Ibn Ziyād instructing him to prevent al-Husayn from assuming rule over Iraq. Al-Husayn—may Allah be pleased with him—believed that the people of Iraq would support him and honor (1) what they had written to him. He therefore sent them his cousin, Muslim ibn Aqīl. When they killed Muslim, betrayed him, and pledged allegiance to Ibn Ziyād, al-Husayn wished to turn back, but the unjust military detachment overtook him. He requested (2) permission either to go to Yazīd, proceed to the frontier, or return to his own land. They would allow him none of these options unless he surrendered himself (3) to them as a prisoner. He refused, so they fought him until he was killed as a wronged martyr—may Allah be pleased with him.

When news of this reached Yazīd, he openly expressed grief, and weeping (4) broke out in his household. Not a single woman of al-Husayn’s household was ever taken captive on his behalf. Rather, he honored al-Husayn’s family, gave them gifts, and had them returned to their own land (5).

Even supposing that Yazīd had killed al-Husayn, the sin of his son (6) would not be imputed to him, for Allah Most High says: ((7)

There is a well-known account of how he urged him to

(1) A, B, R, and Ṣ: “and would fulfill their commitments to him.” (2) N: “and he requested.” (3) N and M: “become at ease with them.” (4) A, B, and R: “and he openly displayed [his grief].” (5) N, M, H, R, and Ṣ: “to his land.” (6) N and M: “his father,” which is erroneous. (7) “No bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another.” Surah Fātir. People are agreed that Muʿāwiya—may Allah be pleased with him—instructed Yazīd to uphold al-Husayn’s rights and honor his standing. ʿUmar ibn Saʿd was the commander of the detachment that killed al-Husayn, whereas his father, Saʿd, was among those who kept furthest away from civil strife. As for this son of his, [with him]—“with him” is omitted in N.

وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: " وَقَتَلَ ابْنُهُ يَزِيدُ مَوْلَانَا الْحُسَيْنَ وَنَهَبَ نِسَاءَهُ " . فَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ يَزِيدَ لَمْ يَأْمُرْ بِقَتْلِ الْحُسَيْنِ بِاتِّفَاقِ أَهْلِ النَّقْلِ، وَلَكِنْ كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ زِيَادٍ أَنْ يَمْنَعَهُ عَنْ وِلَايَةِ الْعِرَاقِ. وَالْحُسَيْنُ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - كَانَ يَظُنُّ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ يَنْصُرُونَهُ وَيَفُونَ لَهُ (١) بِمَا كَتَبُوا إِلَيْهِ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمُ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ مُسْلِمَ بْنَ عَقِيلٍ، فَلَمَّا قَتَلُوا مُسْلِمًا وَغَدَرُوا بِهِ وَبَايَعُوا ابْنَ زِيَادٍ، أَرَادَ الرُّجُوعَ فَأَدْرَكَتْهُ السَّرِيَّةُ الظَّالِمَةُ، فَطَلَبَ (٢) أَنْ يَذْهَبَ إِلَى يَزِيدَ، أَوْ يَذْهَبَ إِلَى الثَّغْرِ، أَوْ يَرْجِعَ إِلَى بَلَدِهِ، فَلَمْ يُمَكِّنُوهُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَسْتَأْسِرَ (٣) لَهُمْ، فَامْتَنَعَ، فَقَاتَلُوهُ حَتَّى قُتِلَ شَهِيدًا مَظْلُومًا - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ -، وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ يَزِيدَ أَظْهَرَ التَّوَجُّعَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَظَهَرَ (٤) الْبُكَاءَ فِي دَارِهِ، وَلَمْ يَسْبِ لَهُ حَرِيمًا أَصْلًا، بَلْ أَكْرَمَ أَهْلَ بَيْتِهِ، وَأَجَازَهُمْ حَتَّى رَدَّهُمْ إِلَى بَلَدِهِمْ (٥) . وَلَوْ قُدِّرَ أَنَّ يَزِيدَ قَتَلَ الْحُسَيْنَ لَمْ يَكُنْ ذَنْبُ ابْنِهِ (٦) ذَنْبًا لَهُ ; فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: ((٧) قِصَّةٌ مَعْرُوفَةٌ، لَمَّا حَضَّهُ عَلَى

(١) أ، ب، ر، ص: وَيُوَفُّونَ لَهُ. (٢) ن: وَطَلَبَ. (٣) ن، م: يَسْتَأْنِسَ. (٤) أ، ب، ر: وَأَظْهَرَ. (٥) ن، م، هـ، ر، ص: إِلَى بَلَدِهِ. (٦) ن، م: أَبِيهِ، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ. (٧) {وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} سُورَةُ فَاطِرٍ وَقَدِ اتَّفَقَ النَّاسُ عَلَى أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - وَصَّى يَزِيدَ بِرِعَايَةِ حَقِّ الْحُسَيْنِ وَتَعْظِيمِ قَدْرِهِ. وَعُمَرُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ كَانَ هُوَ أَمِيرَ السَّرِيَّةِ الَّتِي قَتَلَتِ الْحُسَيْنَ، وَأَبُوهُ سَعْدٌ كَانَ مِنْ أَبْعَدِ النَّاسِ عَنِ الْفِتَنِ، وَلِابْنِهِ هَذَا [مَعَهُ] مَعَهُ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) .