Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/446)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

him and grant him peace? How could the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—appoint as his scribe a man in such a condition? (1)

As for his statement:

“He took his son Zayd or Yazīd by the hand” (2),

Muāwiya had no son named Zayd (3). As for his son Yazīd (4), who assumed kingship [after him] (5), and during whose caliphate what occurred took place, he was born during the caliphate of Uthmān, as all scholars agree. Muāwiya had no children during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

The hadith master Abu al-Fadl Ibn Nāsir (6) said:

“Muāwiya—may Allah be pleased with him—sought to marry during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—but his proposal was declined (7) because he was poor. He married only during the time of Umar—may Allah be pleased with him—and Yazīd was born to him during the time of Uthmān ibn Affān—may Allah be pleased with him—in the year 27 AH.”

Third, we say: This hadith may be countered by another just like it and of the same kind, indicating the virtue of Muāwiya—may Allah be pleased with him. Shaykh Abu al-Faraj Ibn al-Jawzī said in his book Fabricated Hadiths (8): “Certain people professing adherence to the Sunnah became fanatically partisan and fabricated concerning

(1) N and M read: “How could he appoint as a scribe someone in such a condition?” W reads: “How could he appoint him as a scribe when he was in such a condition?” A and B read: “How could the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—appoint as a scribe someone in such a condition?” (2) S reads: “his son Yazīd or Zayd.” A and B read: “his son Yazīd.” (3) A, B, and W read: “his name is Yazīd.” (4) A and B read: “As for his son Yazīd...” (5) “After him” occurs only in W, S, and H. (6) N reads: “Ibn Mādir”; M reads: “Ibn Māsir.” (7) N, M, H, and R read: “He did not marry.” (8) 2/15.

عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -؟ وَكَيْفَ يَتَّخِذُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَاتِبًا مَنْ هَذِهِ حَالُهُ؟ . (١) وَقَوْلُهُ: " إِنَّهُ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ ابْنِهِ زَيْدًا أَوْ يَزِيدَ " (٢) فَمُعَاوِيَةُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ ابْنٌ اسْمُهُ زَيْدٌ (٣) . وَأَمَّا يَزِيدُ ابْنُهُ (٤) الَّذِي تَوَلَّى [بَعْدَهُ] (٥) الْمُلْكَ وَجَرَى فِي خِلَافَتِهِ مَا جَرَى، فَإِنَّمَا وُلِدَ فِي خِلَافَةِ عُثْمَانَ بِاتِّفَاقِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِمُعَاوِيَةَ وَلَدٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -. قَالَ الْحَافِظُ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ ابْنُ نَاصِرٍ (٦) : " خَطَبَ مُعَاوِيَةُ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي زَمَنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَلَمْ يُزَوَّجْ (٧) لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ فَقِيرًا، وَإِنَّمَا تَزَوَّجَ فِي زَمَنِ عُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ -، وَوُلِدَ لَهُ يَزِيدُ فِي زَمَنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ " . ثُمَّ نَقُولُ ثَالِثًا: هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ يُمْكِنُ مُعَارَضَتُهُ بِمِثْلِهِ مِنْ جِنْسِهِ بِمَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى فَضْلِ مُعَاوِيَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ -. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَبُو الْفَرَجِ بْنُ الْجَوْزِيِّ فِي كِتَابِ " الْمَوْضُوعَاتِ " (٨) : " قَدْ تَعَصَّبَ قَوْمٌ مِمَّنْ يَدَّعِي السُّنَّةَ، فَوَضَعُوا فِي

(١) ن، م: وَكَيْفَ يَتَّخِذُ كَاتِبًا مَنْ هَذِهِ حَالُهُ ; و: وَكَيْفَ يَتَّخِذُهُ كَاتِبًا وَهَذِهِ حَالُهُ ; أ، ب: وَكَيْفَ يَتَّخِذُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَاتِبًا مَنْ هُوَ فِي هَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ. (٢) ص: ابْنِهِ يَزِيدَ أَوْ زَيْدٍ ; أ، ب: ابْنِهِ يَزِيدَ. (٣) أ، ب، و: اسْمُهُ يَزِيدُ. (٤) أ، ب: وَأَمَّا ابْنُهُ يَزِيدُ. (٥) بَعْدَهُ: فِي (و) ، (ص) ، (هـ) فَقَطْ. (٦) ن: ابْنُ مَاضِرٍ ; م ابْنُ مَاصِرٍ. (٧) ن، م، هـ، ر: فَلَمْ يَتَزَوَّجْ. (٨) ٢/١٥