Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/443)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

Sad] (1) ibn Abī Sarh, he did renounce Islam and fabricate lies against the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—but he later returned to Islam.

As for his claim that the following was revealed concerning him:

“But whoever opens his heart to disbelief…”

This is false, for this verse was revealed in Mecca, when (2) Ammār and Bilāl were being forced to profess disbelief. This man’s apostasy, however, occurred in Medina (3) after the Hijra. Even if it were assumed that this verse had been revealed concerning him, the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—nonetheless accepted his Islam and took his pledge of allegiance.

Allah Most High said:

“How shall Allah guide a people who disbelieved after having believed, bore witness that the Messenger was true, and received the clear proofs? Allah does not guide wrongdoing people. Their recompense is that the curse of Allah, the angels, and all mankind shall be upon them. They shall abide therein; their punishment shall not be lightened, nor shall they be granted respite—except those who thereafter repent and mend their ways. Indeed, Allah is Ever-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

As for his statement:

“Abd Allāh ibn Umar related: ‘I came to the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and heard him say, “A man will appear before you who will die upon a path other than my sunnah.” Then Muāwiya appeared.’ The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—also stood to deliver a sermon, but Muāwiya took his son Yazīd by the hand and left without listening to the sermon. The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—then said: ‘May Allah curse the leader and the one being led! What a day it will be for the ummah with (4) Muāwiya, the perpetrator of evil!’”

(1) “Abd Allah ibn Sad” appears only in S and B. (2) A and B read: “when.” (3) N, M, and R read: “in unbelief and apostasy.” This occurred in Medina and is an obvious error. (4) S reads: “from.”

سَعْدٍ] (١) بْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَارْتَدَّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَافْتَرَى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ عَادَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ. وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ إِنَّهُ نَزَلَ فِيهِ: {وَلَكِنْ مَنْ شَرَحَ بِالْكُفْرِ صَدْرًا} . فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ ; فَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ بِمَكَّةَ، لَمَّا (٢) أُكْرِهَ عَمَّارٌ وَبِلَالٌ عَلَى الْكُفْرِ. وَرِدَّةُ هَذَا كَانَتْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ (٣) بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ، وَلَوْ قُدِّرَ أَنَّهُ نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ ; فَالنَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَدْ قَبِلَ إِسْلَامَهُ وَبَايَعَهُ. وَقَدْ قَالَ تَعَالَى: {كَيْفَ يَهْدِي اللَّهُ قَوْمًا كَفَرُوا بَعْدَ إِيمَانِهِمْ وَشَهِدُوا أَنَّ الرَّسُولَ حَقٌّ وَجَاءَهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ أُولَئِكَ جَزَاؤُهُمْ أَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا لَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَلَا هُمْ يُنْظَرُونَ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ تَابُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ وَأَصْلَحُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} . وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: " وَقَدْ «رَوَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: " يَطْلُعُ عَلَيْكُمْ رَجُلٌ يَمُوتُ عَلَى غَيْرِ سُنَّتِي " فَطَلَعَ مُعَاوِيَةُ. وَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - خَطِيبًا، فَأَخَذَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بِيَدِ ابْنِهِ يَزِيدَ وَخَرَجَ وَلَمْ يَسْمَعِ الْخُطْبَةَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الْقَائِدَ وَالْمَقُودَ، أَيُّ يَوْمٍ يَكُونُ لِلْأُمَّةِ مَعَ (٤) مُعَاوِيَةَ ذِي الْإِسَاءَةِ» ".

(١) عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعْدٍ: فِي (ص) ، (ب) فَقَطْ. (٢) أ، ب: حِينَ. (٣) ن، م، ر: عَلَى الْكُفْرِ وَالرِّدَّةِ، وَهَذَا كَانَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ ظَاهِرٌ. (٤) ص: مِنْ.