Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

As for his statement (1):

“She asked, ‘Who had assumed the caliphate?’ They replied, ‘Ali.’ She therefore set out to fight him over the blood of Uthman. What (2) sin had Ali committed in that?”

The response to him is as follows:

First, the assertion (3) that Aisha, Talha, and al-Zubayr accused Ali of killing Uthman and fought him on that basis is a manifest lie (4). Rather, they sought the killers who had aligned themselves with Ali. They knew that Ali was as innocent of Uthman’s blood as they were—indeed, his innocence was even more evident. However, the killers had sought refuge with him, so they demanded that the killers be put to death. Yet neither they nor Ali were able to accomplish this, because those men had tribes who defended them.

When civil strife erupts, men of reason become unable (5) to restrain the foolish. Thus, the leading figures [—may Allah be pleased with them—] (6) were unable to extinguish the strife and restrain those involved in it. Such is the nature of civil strife, as Allah Most High says:

“And beware of a trial that will not afflict only the wrongdoers among you.”

[Surah al-Anfāl: 25]

When civil strife erupts, no one escapes being tainted by it except those whom Allah protects.

Moreover, his statement:

“What guilt did Ali bear for Uthman’s killing? (7)”

is self-contradictory, for he claims that Ali was one of those (8) who deemed it lawful to kill Uthman [and fight him] (9),

(1) N, M, R, S, and H read: “As for the speaker’s statement.” (2) A and B read: “And what.” (3) The phrase “the speaker’s statement” is omitted in R, S, and H. (4) “Manifest” is omitted in B. A reads “taniz,” which is a corruption. (5) N and W read: “from it, from.” (6) “May Allah be pleased with them” is omitted in N and M. (7) “In his killing” is the reading in A and B. All other manuscripts read: “in fighting him.” (8) R, S, H, B, and W read: “among those who were.” “Among those” is omitted in A. (9) “And fighting him” is omitted in N and M. S reads: “and he fought him,” which is a corruption.
وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ (١) : " إِنَّهَا سَأَلَتْ: مَنْ تَوَلَّى الْخِلَافَةَ؟ فَقَالُوا: عَلِيٌّ. فَخَرَجَتْ لِقِتَالِهِ عَلَى دَمِ عُثْمَانَ، فَأَيُّ (٢) ذَنْبٍ كَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ فِي ذَلِكَ؟ " . فَيُقَالُ لَهُ: أَوَّلًا: قَوْلُ الْقَائِلِ (٣) : إِنَّ عَائِشَةَ وَطَلْحَةَ وَالزُّبَيْرَ اتَّهَمُوا عَلِيًّا بِأَنَّهُ قَتَلَ عُثْمَانَ وَقَاتَلُوهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ - كَذِبٌ بَيِّنٌ (٤) ، بَلْ إِنَّمَا طَلَبُوا الْقَتَلَةَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا تَحَيَّزُوا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ، وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ بَرَاءَةَ عَلِيٍّ مِنْ دَمِ عُثْمَانَ كَبَرَاءَتِهِمْ وَأَعْظَمُ، لَكِنَّ الْقَتَلَةَ كَانُوا قَدْ أَوَوْا إِلَيْهِ، فَطَلَبُوا قَتْلَ الْقَتَلَةِ، وَلَكِنْ كَانُوا عَاجِزِينَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ هُمْ وَعَلِيٌّ، لِأَنَّ الْقَوْمَ كَانَتْ لَهُمْ قَبَائِلُ يَذُبُّونَ عَنْهُمْ. وَالْفِتْنَةُ إِذَا وَقَعَتْ عَجَزَ الْعُقَلَاءُ فِيهَا عَنْ (٥) دَفْعِ السُّفَهَاءِ، فَصَارَ الْأَكَابِرُ [- رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ -] (٦) عَاجِزِينَ عَنْ إِطْفَاءِ الْفِتْنَةِ وَكَفِّ أَهْلِهَا. وَهَذَا شَأْنُ الْفِتَنِ كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَاتَّقُوا فِتْنَةً لَا تُصِيبَنَّ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْكُمْ خَاصَّةً} [سُورَةُ الْأَنْفَالِ: ٢٥] . وَإِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْفِتْنَةُ لَمْ يَسْلَمْ مِنَ التَّلَوُّثِ بِهَا إِلَّا مَنْ عَصَمَهُ اللَّهُ. وَأَيْضًا فَقَوْلُهُ: " أَيُّ ذَنْبٍ كَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ فِي قَتْلِهِ؟ (٧) " . تَنَاقُضٌ مِنْهُ ; فَإِنَّهُ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا كَانَ مِمَّنْ (٨) يَسْتَحِلُّ قَتْلَهُ [وَقِتَالَهُ] (٩) ،
(١) ن، م، ر، ص، هـ: وَأَمَّا قَوْلُ الْقَائِلِ. (٢) أ، ب: وَأَيُّ (٣) عِبَارَةُ " قَوْلُ الْقَائِلِ ": سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ر) ، (ص) ، (هـ) (٤) بَيِّنٌ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ب) . وَفِي (أ) : تَنِزٌ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ. (٥) ن، و: عَنْهَا عَنْ. (٦) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . (٧) فِي قَتْلِهِ: كَذَا فِي (أ) ، (ب) . وَفِي سَائِرِ النُّسَخِ: فِي قِتَالِهِ. (٨) ر، ص، هـ، ب، و: مِمَّنْ كَانَ. وَسَقَطَتْ " مِمَّنْ " مِنْ (أ) . (٩) وَقِتَالَهُ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) . وَفِي ص: وَقَاتَلَهُ، وَهُوَ تَحْرِيفٌ.

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