Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/339)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

through legal stratagems; they do not take intentions (1) into account in a contract, and they render the prescribed punishments inoperative (2) to such an extent that no country could be governed according to their doctrine. Thus, they do not amputate the hand of anyone who steals food, fruit, or items originally open to common use. Nor do they administer the prescribed punishment to anyone who drinks (3) wine unless he confesses or evidence (4) is established against him. They do not punish him if he is seen vomiting it up or if (5) its odor is detected on him, although the practice of Allah’s Messenger—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and his caliphs was contrary to this. They do not require retaliatory execution for a killing committed with a heavy object (6), nor do they treat the killer as he treated the victim. The offender may have (7) severed both of the victim’s hands (8) and feet and slit open his belly, yet they content themselves with striking off (9) his head. They execute one of the most virtuous Muslims for killing a single protected unbeliever, and equate the blood money of the Emigrants and the Helpers with that of the unbelievers (10) belonging to the protected communities. They waive the prescribed punishment for someone who has intercourse with a woman permanently forbidden to him in marriage—such as his mother or daughter—despite knowing that it is prohibited, merely (11) because of the formal semblance of a contract, just as they waive it when a contract of hire (12) has been made for sexual access; and they do not combine

(1) A, B, and W read: “what is intended.” (2) A and B read: “and they invalidate.” (3) B reads: “for drinking”; N and W read: “drinking.” (4) M reads: “the evidence.” (5) A reads: “evidence that he gulps it down, or [its odor] is detected”; B reads: “evidence of his drinking it, and [its odor] is detected”; N and M read: “evidence; they do not punish him if he is seen drinking it or if [its odor] is detected.” (6) A reads: “nor do they favor retaliation by execution.” (7) A reads: “rather, he may be”; B reads: “as though he were.” (8) A and B read: “the offender severed the victim’s hand.” (9) A and B read: “Then they say, ‘We strike.’” (10) A reads: “between the religion of the Emigrants and the Helpers and the religion of the unbelievers”; B reads: “between the blood money of the Emigrants and the Helpers and the blood money of the unbelievers.” (11) B alone reads: “merely.” (12) A reads: “just as they waive [it] when the hire contract is concluded”; B reads: “just as they waive it through the hire contract.”

بِالْحِيَلِ، وَلَا يَعْتَبِرُونَ الْقُصُودَ (١) فِي الْعَقْدِ، وَيُعَطِّلُونَ (٢) الْحُدُودَ حَتَّى لَا يُمْكِنَ سِيَاسَةُ بَلَدٍ بِرَأْيِهِمْ ; فَلَا يَقْطَعُونَ يَدَ مَنْ يَسْرِقُ الْأَطْعِمَةَ وَالْفَاكِهَةَ وَمَا أَصْلُهُ الْإِبَاحَةُ، وَلَا يَحُدُّونَ أَحَدًا يَشْرَبُ (٣) الْخَمْرَ حَتَّى يُقِرَّ أَوْ تَقُومَ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ (٤) ، وَلَا يَحُدُّونَهُ إِذَا رُئِيَ يَسْتَقِيهَا أَوْ وُجِدَتْ (٥) رَائِحَتُهَا مِنْهُ، وَسُنَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَخُلَفَائِهِ بِخِلَافِ ذَلِكَ، وَلَا يُوجِبُونَ الْقَوَدَ بِالْمُثَقِّلِ (٦) ، وَلَا يَفْعَلُونَ بِالْقَاتِلِ كَمَا فَعَلَ بِالْمَقْتُولِ، بَلْ يَكُونُ (٧) الظَّالِمُ قَدْ قَطَعَ يَدَيِ الْمَظْلُومِ (٨) وَرِجْلَيْهِ وَبَقَرَ بَطْنَهُ، فَيَكْتَفُونَ بِضَرْبِ (٩) عُنُقِهِ، وَيَقْتُلُونَ الْوَاحِدَ مِنْ خِيَارِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِقَتْلِ وَاحِدٍ كَافِرٍ ذِمِّيٍّ، وَيُسَوُّونَ بَيْنَ دِيَةِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَدِيَاتِ الْكُفَّارِ (١٠) مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ، وَيُسْقِطُونَ الْحَدَّ عَمَّنْ وَطِئَ ذَاتَ مَحْرَمِهِ كَأُمِّهِ وَابْنَتِهِ عَالِمًا بِالتَّحْرِيمِ لِمُجَرَّدِ (١١) صُورَةِ الْعَقْدِ، كَمَا يُسْقِطُونَ بِعَقْدِ الِاسْتِئْجَارِ (١٢) عَلَى الْمَنَافِعِ، وَلَا يَجْمَعُونَ بَيْنَ

(١) أ، ب، وَ: الْمَقْصُودَ. (٢) أ، ب: وَيُبْطِلُونَ. (٣) ب: بِشُرْبِ ; ن، و: شُرْبِ. (٤) م: الْبَيِّنَةُ. (٥) أ: بَيِّنَةٌ يَسْتَفُّهَا أَوْ وُجِدَتْ ; ب: بَيِّنَةٌ بِشُرْبِهَا وَوُجِدَتْ. . ; ن، م: بَيِّنَةٌ لَا يَحُدُّونَهُ إِذَا رُئِيَ يُسْقَهَا أَوْ وُجِدَتْ. . (٦) أ: وَلَا يُحِبُّونَ الْقَوَدَ بِالْقَتْلِ. (٧) أ: بَلْ يَكُنْ ; ب: كَأَنْ يَكُونَ. (٨) أ، ب: الظَّالِمُ قَطَعَ يَدَ الْمَظْلُومِ. (٩) أ، ب: فَيَقُولُونَ نَضْرِبُ. . (١٠) أ: بَيْنَ دِينِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَدِيَانَةِ الْكُفَّارِ ; ب: بَيْنَ دِيَةِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَدِيَةِ الْكُفَّارِ. (١١) ب (فَقَطْ) : بِمُجَرَّدِ. (١٢) أ: كَمَا يُسْقِطُونَ يَعْقِدُ الْإِيجَارَ ; ب: كَمَا يُسْقِطُونَهُ بِعَقْدِ الْإِيجَارِ.