Speaking about people must be based on knowledge and justice, not ignorance and injustice, as is the way of the adherents of religious innovation. The Rāfida deliberately target (1) people who are closely matched (2) in merit, seeking to portray (3) one of them as protected from sins and errors, and the other as sinful, wicked, or an unbeliever. Their ignorance and inconsistency thereby become manifest. They are like a Jew or Christian who seeks to establish the prophethood of Moses or Jesus while impugning the prophethood of Muhammad—may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Such a person’s impotence, ignorance, and inconsistency become manifest, for every line of proof by which the prophethood of Moses and Jesus may be established likewise establishes the prophethood of Muhammad—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—through evidence of the same kind or even stronger. There is no (4) objection that can be raised against the prophethood of Muhammad—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—without an objection being raised against the prophethood of Moses and Jesus—peace be upon them—on grounds (5) of equal or greater force. Anyone who sets out to distinguish between two equivalent cases, or who praises something while censuring another of the same kind—or one even more deserving of praise—or does the reverse, will fall into the same inconsistency, impotence, and ignorance. The same applies to the followers of scholars and religious authorities when one of them seeks, by this same method, to praise the authority he follows while censuring his counterpart, or to prefer one of them over the other.

Thus, if an Iraqi says (6): “The people of Medina have contravened the Sunnah on this and that issue, abandoned the authentic hadith on this and that issue, and followed personal opinion on this and that issue,”—for example, when he says of those among the people of Medina who hold such views: “They do not hold that the talbiya should continue until the stoning of the Jamra of