Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/318)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

that (1), [just as he traveled] (2) during the Farewell Pilgrimage with Ā’isha [—may Allah be pleased with her—] and others (3). He also sent her with her brother Abd al-Rahmān, who seated her behind him on his mount, and had her perform Umrah from al-Tan’īm. The Farewell Pilgrimage took place less than three months before the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—passed away, and after this (4) verse had been revealed. For this reason, (5) the wives of the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—continued to perform Hajj as they had performed it with him (6), during the rule of Umar—may Allah be pleased with him—and others (7). Umar would entrust their caravan to Uthmān or Abd al-Rahmān ibn Awf. Since it was permissible for them to travel for a beneficial purpose, Ā’isha believed that this journey served the Muslims’ best interests and exercised her interpretive judgment accordingly (8).

This is analogous to the fact that Allah Most High’s words:

“O you who believe, do not consume one another’s wealth unlawfully.”

[Surah al-Nisā: 29]

[and His words] (9):

“Do not kill one another.”

[Surah al-Nisā: 29]

include a prohibition against believers killing one (10) another, just as in His words:

“Do not disparage one another.”

[Surah al-Hujurāt: 111]

And His words:

“If only, when you heard it, the believing men and women had thought well of one another.”

[Surah al-Nūr: 12].

(1) N and M read: “and he traveled with them after that”; A and B read: “and the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—traveled after that.” (2) The words “just as he traveled” occur only in R, S, and H. (3) N, M, and W read: “the Farewell Pilgrimage, and he traveled with Ā’isha and others”; A and B read: “the Farewell Pilgrimage, he traveled with Ā’isha—may Allah be pleased with her—and others.” (4) “This” is omitted in A and B. (5) A, B, R, S, and H read: *kunna* (“they used to”). (6) A reads: “just as they used to perform Hajj during”; B reads: “just as they performed Hajj during.” (7) “And others” is omitted in A and B. (8) A and B read: “in this.” (9) “And His words” occurs only in B, though the context requires its inclusion. (10) A and B read: “includes believers killing one another.”

ذَلِكَ (١) [كَمَا سَافَرَ] (٢) فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ بِعَائِشَةَ [- رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا -] وَغَيْرِهَا (٣) ، وَأَرْسَلَهَا مَعَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَخِيهَا فَأَرْدَفَهَا خَلْفَهُ، وَأَعْمَرَهَا مِنَ التَّنْعِيمِ. وَحَجَّةُ الْوَدَاعِ كَانَتْ قَبْلَ وَفَاةِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِأَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْهُرٍ بَعْدَ نُزُولِ هَذِهِ (٤) الْآيَةِ، وَلِهَذَا كَانَ (٥) أَزْوَاجُ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَحْجُجْنَ كَمَا كُنَّ يَحْجُجْنَ مَعَهُ (٦) خِلَافَةِ عُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - وَغَيْرِهِ (٧) ، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يُوَكِّلُ بِقِطَارِهِنَّ عُثْمَانَ أَوْ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ، وَإِذَا كَانَ سَفَرُهُنَّ لِمَصْلَحَةٍ جَائِزًا فَعَائِشَةُ اعْتَقَدَتْ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ السَّفَرَ مَصْلَحَةٌ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَتَأَوَّلَتْ فِي ذَلِكَ (٨) . وَهَذَا كَمَا أَنَّ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِالْبَاطِلِ} [سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ: ٢٩] [وَقَوْلَهُ] (٩) : {وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ} [سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ: ٢٩] يَتَضَمَّنُ نَهْيَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنْ قَتْلِ بَعْضِهِمْ (١٠) . بَعْضًا، كَمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ: {وَلَا تَلْمِزُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ} [سُورَةُ الْحُجُرَاتِ: ١١١] وَقَوْلِهِ: {لَوْلَا إِذْ سَمِعْتُمُوهُ ظَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتُ بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ خَيْرًا} [سُورَةُ النُّورِ: ١٢] .

(١) ن، م: وَقَدْ سَافَرَ بِهِنَّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ; أ، ب: وَقَدْ سَافَرَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ. (٢) كَمَا سَافَرَ: فِي (ر) ، (ص) ، (هـ) فَقَطْ. (٣) ن، م، و: حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَسَافَرَ بِعَائِشَةَ وَغَيْرِهَا ; أ، ب: حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ سَافَرَ بِعَائِشَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - وَغَيْرِهَا. (٤) هَذِهِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) . (٥) أ، ب، ر، ص، هـ: كُنَّ. (٦) فِي أ: كَمَا كُنَّ يَحْجُجْنَ فِي ; ب: كَمَا حَجَجْنَ فِي. (٧) وَغَيْرِهِ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) . (٨) أ، ب: فِي هَذَا. (٩) وَقَوْلَهُ: فِي (ب) فَقَطْ، وَإِثْبَاتُهَا يَقْتَضِيهِ السِّيَاقُ. (١٠) أ، ب: يَتَضَمَّنُ قَتْلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بَعْضَهُمْ.