Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/299)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

for hypocrisy has many signs and numerous causes besides hatred of Alī. How, then, could hatred of Alī be its only sign? The Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—said in an authentic hadith:

“A sign (1) of hypocrisy is hatred of the Ansār.”

He also said in an authentic hadith:

“The signs of a hypocrite are three: when he speaks, he lies; when he makes a promise, he breaks it; and when he is entrusted, he betrays the trust.” (2)

Allah Most High also says in the Quran when describing the hypocrites:

“Among them are those who criticize you concerning the alms; if they are given some of them, they are pleased” [Surah al-Tawbah: 58];

“Among them are those who offend the Prophet” [Surah al-Tawbah: 61];

“Among them are those who made a covenant with Allah” [Surah al-Tawbah: 75];

“Among them is one who says, ‘Grant me leave and do not put me to trial’” [Surah al-Tawbah: 49];

and “Among them are those who say, ‘Which of you has this increased in faith?’” [Surah al-Tawbah: 124].

In Surah Barā’ah and elsewhere, glorified and exalted is He, He mentions so many of their signs and characteristics that this is not the place to expound them at length (3).

Indeed, had he said, “We used to recognize the hypocrites by their hatred of Alī,” that would have been defensible (4), just as they are also recognized by their hatred of the Ansār and, [indeed] (5), by their hatred of Abū Bakr and Umar,

(1) A and B read: “Indeed, a sign.” (2) This hadith was cited previously at 2/82. (3) A reads: “whose exposition this subject does not have room for.” B reads: “whose exposition this subject cannot accommodate.” (4) A and B read: “valid.” (5) The word *bal* (“indeed”) is omitted from N and M.

لِأَنَّ النِّفَاقَ لَهُ عَلَامَاتٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَأَسْبَابٌ مُتَعَدِّدَةٌ غَيْرُ بُغْضِ عَلِيٍّ، فَكَيْفَ لَا يَكُونُ عَلَى النِّفَاقِ عَلَامَةٌ إِلَّا بُغْضَ عَلِيٍّ؟ وَقَدْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي الْحَدِيثِ الصَّحِيحِ: " «آيَةُ (١) النِّفَاقِ بُغْضُ الْأَنْصَارِ» " وَقَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الصَّحِيحِ: " «آيَةُ الْمُنَافِقِ ثَلَاثٌ: إِذَا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ، وَإِذَا وَعَدَ أَخْلَفَ، وَإِذَا اؤْتُمِنَ خَانَ» (٢) " . وَقَدْ قَالَ تَعَالَى فِي الْقُرْآنِ فِي صِفَةِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ: {وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَلْمِزُكَ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ فَإِنْ أُعْطُوا مِنْهَا رَضُوا} [سُورَةُ التَّوْبَةِ: ٥٨] ، {وَمِنْهُمُ الَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ النَّبِيَّ} [سُورَةُ التَّوْبَةِ: ٦١] ، {وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ عَاهَدَ اللَّهَ} [سُورَةُ التَّوْبَةِ: ٧٥] ، {وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ ائْذَنْ لِي وَلَا تَفْتِنِّي} [سُورَةُ التَّوْبَةِ: ٤٩] ، {فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ أَيُّكُمْ زَادَتْهُ هَذِهِ إِيمَانًا} [سُورَةُ التَّوْبَةِ: ١٢٤] . وَذَكَرَ لَهُمْ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى فِي سُورَةِ " بَرَاءَةٌ " وَغَيْرِهَا مِنَ الْعَلَامَاتِ وَالصِّفَاتِ مَا لَا يَتَّسِعُ هَذَا الْمَوْضِعُ لِبَسْطِهِ (٣) . بَلْ لَوْ قَالَ: كُنَّا نَعْرِفُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ بِبُغْضِ عَلِيٍّ لَكَانَ مُتَوَجِّهًا (٤) ، كَمَا أَنَّهُمْ أَيْضًا يُعْرَفُونَ بِبُغْضِ الْأَنْصَارِ، [بَلْ] (٥) وَبِبُغْضِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ،

(١) أ، ب: إِنَّ آيَةَ. (٢) مَضَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ قَبْلُ ٢/٨٢. (٣) أ: مَا لَمْ يَتَّسِعْ هَذَا الْمَوْضُوعَ بَسْطُهُ، ب: مَا لَا يَسَعُ هَذَا الْمَوْضُوعَ بَسْطُهُ. (٤) أ، ب: مُتَّجِهًا. (٥) بَلْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) .