16
Likewise, on the day of Khaybar (1), he had summoned Alī. Alī arrived suffering from an eye ailment, so he entrusted him with the banner, and Allah granted victory at his hands. Neither he nor Alī was in Medina.
The same was true at Hunayn and Tā'if. Likewise, during the Farewell Pilgrimage, Alī was in Yemen while the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—set out to perform Hajj. They met in Mecca, and neither of them was in Medina.
In their extreme ignorance, the Rāfidah fabricate lies that no one with even the slightest knowledge of the Prophet’s biography could fail to recognize.
[Response to the Rāfidī’s claim that the Prophet appointed Usāma commander over the army that included Abū Bakr and Umar]
As for his statement:
“He appointed Usāma—may Allah be pleased with him—commander over the army that included Abū Bakr and Umar.”
This is one of the lies recognized by anyone with even the slightest knowledge of hadith. Abū Bakr was not in [that] that (2) army. Rather, the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—appointed him to lead the prayer in his stead from the time (3) he fell ill until his death. It has been reported that Usāma had been given the banner before the Prophet’s illness. Then, when the Prophet fell ill, he ordered Abū Bakr to lead the people in prayer, and he continued leading them until the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—died (4). Even if it were assumed that he had been ordered to set out
(1) A and B read: “and on the day of Khaybar.”
(2) Omitted from N, M, and H.
(3) A and B read: “had appointed him to act in his stead from the time.”
(4) According to al-Maqrīzī’s *Imtā al-Asmā*, 1:536–539 (ed. Mahmūd Muhammad Shākir, Committee for Authorship, Translation, and Publication, Cairo, 1941): “On Monday, with four nights remaining of Safar in 11 AH, the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—ordered preparations for an expedition against the Romans. The following day, Tuesday, he summoned Usāma ibn Zayd to assume command of the army and gave him his instructions. On Wednesday, the Messenger of Allah fell ill, suffering from a headache and fever. On Thursday, he personally presented Usāma with a banner. Usāma then set out and encamped at al-Jurf, and the people followed. Every one of the earliest Muhājirūn and the Ansār answered the call to join that expedition, including Umar ibn al-Khattāb, Abū Ubayda, and Sad ibn Abī Waqqās. Some men among the Muhājirūn objected, saying, ‘He is placing this young man in command of the earliest Muhājirūn!’ The Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—became angry and addressed the people concerning the matter. He then came down and entered his home. This occurred on Saturday, ten days into Rabī al-Awwal. The Muslims who were to depart with Usāma came to bid farewell to the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—and Umar—may Allah be pleased with him—was among them. The Messenger of Allah said, ‘Send forth Usāma’s expedition.’ The men proceeded to the encampment and spent the night before Sunday there. On Sunday, Usāma came and visited the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—then returned to his camp. Early on Monday, he left the camp. That morning, the Messenger of Allah was feeling better, and Usāma came to him. He said, ‘Set out with Allah’s blessing.’ Usāma bade him farewell while the Messenger of Allah was still alert.” Al-Maqrīzī continues: “Abū Bakr—may Allah be pleased with him—entered and said, ‘Messenger of Allah, by Allah’s praise you are feeling better this morning, and today is the daughter of Khārija’s day, so grant me permission.’ He gave him permission, and Abū Bakr went to al-Sunh. Usāma rode back to his camp and called upon his companions to join the army.… Just as he was about to ride out from al-Jurf, a messenger sent by his mother, Umm Ayman, came and informed him that the Messenger of Allah was dying. He returned to Medina with Umar and Abū Ubayda ibn al-Jarrāh—may Allah be pleased with them both. They reached the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—as he lay dying.” See also Ibn Hishām’s *Sīra*, 4:291, 298–305.
وَكَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ
(١)
كَانَ قَدْ طَلَبَ عَلِيًّا، فَقَدِمَ وَهُوَ أَرْمَدُ، فَأَعْطَاهُ الرَّايَةَ حَتَّى فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ لَا هُوَ وَلَا عَلِيٌّ.
وَكَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَالطَّائِفِ، وَكَذَلِكَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ بِالْيَمَنِ، وَالنَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - خَرَجَ حَاجًّا فَاجْتَمَعَا بِمَكَّةَ وَلَيْسَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا.
وَالرَّافِضَةُ مِنْ فَرْطِ جَهْلِهِمْ يَكْذِبُونَ الْكَذِبَ الَّذِي لَا يَخْفَى عَلَى مَنْ لَهُ بِالسِّيرَةِ أَدْنَى عِلْمٍ.
[الرد على قول الرافضي أن النبي أَمَّرَ أُسَامَةَ عَلَى الْجَيْشِ الَّذِينَ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ]
وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ:
" إِنَّهُ أَمَّرَ أُسَامَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - عَلَى الْجَيْشِ الَّذِينَ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ "
.
فَمِنَ الْكَذِبِ الَّذِي يَعْرِفُهُ مَنْ لَهُ أَدْنَى مَعْرِفَةٍ بِالْحَدِيثِ، فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي
[ذَلِكَ]
ذَلِكَ:
(٢)
الْجَيْشِ، بَلْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَسْتَخْلِفُهُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فِي حِينِ
(٣)
. مَرِضَ إِلَى أَنْ مَاتَ، وَأُسَامَةُ قَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ عُقِدَ لَهُ الرَّايَةُ قَبْلَ مَرَضِهِ، ثُمَّ لَمَّا مَرِضَ أَمَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ إِلَى أَنْ مَاتَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -
(٤)
، فَلَوْ قُدِّرَ أَنَّهُ أُمِرَ بِالْخُرُوجِ
(١) أ، ب: وَيَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ.
(٢) سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) ، (هـ) .
(٣) أ، ب: قَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ مِنْ حِينِ.
(٤) فِي " إِمْتَاعِ الْأَسْمَاعِ " لِلْمَقْرِيزِيِّ ١/٥٣٦ - ٥٣٩ (تَحْقِيقُ الْأُسْتَاذِ مَحْمُود مُحَمَّد شَاكِر، ط. لَجْنَةِ التَّأْلِيفِ وَالتَّرْجَمَةِ وَالنَّشْرِ، الْقَاهِرَةِ، ١٩٤١) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَمَّرَ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ لِأَرْبَعٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ صَفَرٍ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ بِالتَّهَيُّؤِ لِغَزْوِ الرُّومِ، ثُمَّ دَعَا مِنَ الْغَدِ يَوْمَ الثُّلَاثَاءِ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ لِتَوَلِّي إِمْرَةَ الْجَيْشِ وَأَوْصَاهُ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ ابْتَدَأَ مَرَضُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَصُدِعَ وَحُمَّ، وَعَقَدَ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ لِأُسَامَةَ لِوَاءً بِيَدِهِ، فَخَرَجَ أُسَامَةُ وَعَسْكَرَ بِالْجُرُفِ، وَخَرَجَ النَّاسُ، وَلَمْ يَبْقَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ إِلَّا انْتُدِبَ فِي تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةِ كَعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَأَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ وَسَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، وَتَكَلَّمَ رِجَالٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَقَالُوا: يَسْتَعْمِلُ هَذَا الْغُلَامَ عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ، فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فِي ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَدَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ وَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ لِعَشْرٍ خَلَوْنَ
مِنْ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ، وَجَاءَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ الَّذِينَ يَخْرُجُونَ مَعَ أُسَامَةَ يُوَدِّعُونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِيهِمْ عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ: أَنْفِذُوا بَعْثَ أُسَامَةَ، فَمَضَى النَّاسُ إِلَى الْمُعَسْكَرِ فَبَاتُوا لَيْلَةَ الْأَحَدِ، وَنَزَلَ أُسَامَةُ يَوْمَ الْأَحَدِ فَعَادَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى مُعَسْكَرِهِ وَغَدَا مِنْهُ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ، فَأَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مُفِيقًا، وَجَاءَهُ أُسَامَةُ، فَقَالَ اغْدُ عَلَى بَرَكَةِ اللَّهِ، فَوَدَّعَهُ أُسَامَةُ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ مُفِيقٌ ". يَقُولُ الْمَقْرِيزِيُّ: " وَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَصْبَحْتَ مُفِيقًا بِحَمْدِ اللَّهِ، وَالْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ ابْنَةِ خَارِجَةَ فَأْذَنْ لِي، فَأَذِنَ لَهُ، فَذَهَبَ إِلَى السُّنْحِ، وَرَكِبَ أُسَامَةُ إِلَى مُعَسْكَرِهِ وَصَاحَ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ بِاللُّحُوقِ بِالْعَسْكَرِ. . . فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَرْكَبَ مِنَ الْجُرُفِ، أَتَاهُ رَسُولُ أُمِّهِ - أُمِّ أَيْمَنَ - تُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَمُوتُ، فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مَعَهُ عُمَرُ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا - فَانْتَهَوْا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُوَ يَمُوتُ ". وَانْظُرْ: سِيرَةَ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ ٤/٢٩١، ٢٩٨ - ٣٠٥.