16
of truthfulness, but rather in his knowing all that the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—had conveyed, both generally and in detail, and in his affirming it fully in knowledge, intent, word, and deed. This degree was attained neither by Abū Dharr nor by anyone else. Abū Dharr did not know what the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—had conveyed as Abū Bakr knew it, nor did he attain the same detailed affirmation as Abū Bakr (1).
(* Nor did he attain the perfection of affirmation—in knowledge and inner state (2)—that Abū Bakr attained. *) (3) For Abū Bakr was more knowledgeable than he, had greater love for Allah and His Messenger than he, gave greater support to Allah and His Messenger than he, and strove more with his person and his wealth than he, besides possessing other qualities that constitute the perfection of being a siddīq.
In the two Sahih collections, Anas ibn Mālik—may Allah be pleased with him—said:
“The Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—ascended Mount Uhud accompanied by Abū Bakr, Umar, and Uthmān. [It trembled beneath them] (4), so he said, ‘Be still, Uhud!’ He struck it with his foot and said (5), ‘Upon you are none but a prophet, a siddīq, and two martyrs.’” (6)
(1) N alone reads: “as Abū Bakr attained thereof.”
(2) A reads: *wa-lā hālan* (“nor in inner state”); B reads: *wa-lā hāla*.
(3) (**): The passage between the two asterisks is omitted from M and S.
(4) “It trembled beneath them” is omitted from N and M.
(5) “And he said”: thus in M and B. All other manuscripts read: “So he said.”
(6) The hadith is narrated from Anas ibn Mālik—may Allah be pleased with him—in al-Bukhārī, 5/9, 11–12, 15 (Book of the Merits of the Prophet’s Companions, chapters on the merits of Abū Bakr, Umar, and Uthmān); Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 4/295 (Book of the Sunnah, chapter on the caliphs); Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 5/286–287 (Book of Virtues, chapter on the merits of Umar); and al-Musnad (al-Halabī ed.), 3/112.
A hadith with similar wording is narrated from Abū Hurayra—may Allah be pleased with him—in Muslim, 4/1880 (Book of the Merits of the Prophet’s Companions, chapter on some of the merits of Talha and al-Zubayr). Its wording is: “The Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—was on Mount Hirā together with Abū Bakr, Umar, Uthmān, Alī, Talha, and al-Zubayr. The rock moved, so the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—said, ‘Be still! Upon you there is none but a prophet, a *siddīq*, or a martyr.’”
Sunan Ibn Mājah, 1/48 (Introduction, chapter on the merits of the Introduction), contains a hadith from Saīd ibn Zayd—may Allah be pleased with him—with similar wording and meaning: “Stand firm, Hirā! Upon you there is none but a prophet, a *siddīq*, or a martyr.” He then enumerated them: the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—Abū Bakr, Umar, Uthmān, Alī, Talha, al-Zubayr, Sad, Ibn Awf, and Saīd ibn Zayd.
This wording of the hadith is graded authentic in *Silsilat al-Ahādīth al-Sahīha*, 2/454–458, where al-Albānī discusses the hadith, its transmission routes, and its chains of transmission. He states that it was narrated on the authority of Saīd ibn Zayd, Uthmān ibn Affān, Anas ibn Mālik, Burayda ibn al-Husayb, and Abū Hurayra. The hadith of Uthmān—may Allah be pleased with him—is found in Sunan al-Nasāī, 6/196–197 (Book of Endowments, chapter on dedicating mosques as endowments).
الصِّدْقِ، بَلْ فِي أَنَّهُ عَلِمَ مَا أَخْبَرَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - جُمْلَةً وَتَفْصِيلًا، وَصَدَّقَ ذَلِكَ تَصْدِيقًا كَامِلًا فِي الْعِلْمِ وَالْقَصْدِ وَالْقَوْلِ وَالْعَمَلِ. وَهَذَا الْقَدْرُ لَمْ يَحْصُلْ لِأَبِي ذَرٍّ وَلَا لِغَيْرِهِ، فَإِنَّ أَبَا ذَرٍّ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ مَا أَخْبَرَ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَمَا عَلِمَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَلَا حَصَلَ لَهُ مِنَ التَّصْدِيقِ الْمُفَصَّلِ كَمَا حَصَلَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ
(١)
.
(* وَلَا حَصَلَ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ كَمَالِ التَّصْدِيقِ مَعْرِفَةً وَحَالًا (٢)
. كَمَا حَصَلَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ) *
(٣)
; فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَعْرَفُ مِنْهُ، وَأَعْظَمُ حُبًّا لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ مِنْهُ، وَأَعْظَمُ نَصْرًا لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ مِنْهُ، وَأَعْظَمُ جِهَادًا بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ مِنْهُ، إِلَى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الصِّفَاتِ الَّتِي هِيَ كَمَالُ الصِّدِّيقِيَّةِ.
وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ -
قَالَ:
«صَعِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أُحُدًا، وَمَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَعُثْمَانُ،
[فَرَجَفَ بِهِمْ]
(٤)
،
فَقَالَ:
" اسْكُنْ أُحُدُ "
وَضَرَبَهُ بِرِجْلِهِ، وَقَالَ
(٥)
: " لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ وَصِدِّيقٌ وَشَهِيدَانِ»
(٦)
(١) ن (فَقَطْ) : كَمَا حَصَلَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنْهُ
(٢) أ: وَلَا حَالًا ; ب: وَلَا حَالَ
(٣) (**) : مَا بَيْنَ النَّجْمَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (م) ، (ص) .
(٤) فَرَجَفَ بِهِمْ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) .
(٥) وَقَالَ: كَذَا فِي (م) ، (ب) . وَفِي سَائِرِ النُّسَخِ: فَقَالَ.
(٦) " الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٥/٩، ١١ - ١٢، ١٥ (كِتَابُ فَضَائِلِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ. .، بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ. . .، بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ عُمَرَ. . .، بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ عُثْمَانَ. . .) ; سُنَنَ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٤/٢٩٥ (كِتَابُ السُّنَّةِ، بَابٌ فِي الْخُلَفَاءِ) ; سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٥/٢٨٦ - ٢٨٧ (كِتَابُ الْمَنَاقِبِ، بَابُ مَنَاقِبِ عُمَرَ. .) ; الْمُسْنَدَ (ط. الْحَلَبِيِّ) ٣/١١٢. وَجَاءَ حَدِيثٌ بِلَفْظٍ مُقَارِبٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي مُسْلِمٍ ٤/١٨٨٠ (كِتَابُ فَضَائِلِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ، بَابٌ مِنْ فَضَائِلِ طَلْحَةَ وَالزُّبَيْرِ) وَنَصُّهُ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَانَ عَلَى حِرَاءٍ هُوَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَعُثْمَانُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَطَلْحَةُ وَالزُّبَيْرُ، فَتَحَرَّكَتِ الصَّخْرَةُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " اهْدَأْ، فَمَا عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ أَوْ صِدِّيقٌ أَوْ شَهِيدٌ ". وَفِي سُنَنِ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ ١/٤٨ (الْمُقَدِّمَةُ، بَابُ فَضَائِلِ الْمُقَدَّمَةِ) حَدِيثٌ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ -. قَرِيبٌ فِي لَفْظِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ، وَنَصُّهُ: " اثْبُتْ حِرَاءُ، فَمَا عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ أَوْ صِدِّيقٌ أَوْ شَهِيدٌ " وَعَدَّهُمْ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرُ، وَعُثْمَانُ، وَعَلِيٌّ، وَطَلْحَةُ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ، وَسَعْدٌ، وَابْنُ عَوْفٍ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ". وَالْحَدِيثُ بِهَذَا اللَّفْظِ صَحِيحٌ فِي " سِلْسِلَةِ الْأَحَادِيثِ الصَّحِيحَةِ ٢/٤٥٤ - ٤٥٨ وَتَكَلَّمَ الْأَلْبَانِيُّ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى طُرُقِهِ وَأَسَانِيدِهِ،. وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ وَرَدَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ وَأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَبُرَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْبِ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ. وَحَدِيثُ عُثْمَانَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي سُنَنِ النَّسَائِيِّ ٦/١٩٦ - ١٩٧ (كِتَابُ الْأَحْبَاسِ، بَابُ وَقْفِ الْمَسَاجِدِ) . .