Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/234)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—maintained to meet the obligations that arose and the exigencies that befell him (1), and their administration rests with whoever holds authority.”

He said, “They have remained so to this day.”

These are established hadiths, well known among the people of knowledge. They contain evidence showing that Fātimah—may Allah be pleased with her—sought her inheritance from the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—on the basis of what she knew of the laws of inheritance. She was then informed of what the Messenger of Allah had said, so she accepted it and withdrew her claim. How, then, could she seek it as an inheritance while claiming that it already belonged to her by virtue of a gift? This is meaningless. The author of the book should have reflected, rather than leaving us to cite what is found in the established hadiths to refute this claim and expose its error (2). Yet love for a thing makes one blind and deaf.

It has also been narrated from Anas that, after Fātimah had recited to Abū Bakr, he said to her, “I recite the same as you have recited (3), but my knowledge certainly does not extend to affirming that he said all of it.”

Fātimah asked, “Does it belong to you and your relatives?”

He replied, “No. I regard you as truthful and trustworthy. If the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—gave you any instruction concerning this, made you any promise regarding it, or established it as a right for you, I would believe you.”

She replied, “No, except that when it was revealed to the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—he said, ‘Rejoice, O family of Muhammad! Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has granted you wealth.’”

He said:

(1) The editor of *Sahīh Muslim*—may Allah have mercy on him—said: “*Ta‘rūhu* refers to the obligatory and recommended claims that arise upon him. The expressions *‘arawtuhu* and *i‘tarartuhu* are used when one approaches someone to ask something of him. *Nawā’ibuhu* means the pressing matters and events that befall a person.” (2) In the original: “He refuted it and made it clear because of the error it contained.” (3) In the original: “the like of what you recited.”

- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَانَتَا لِحُقُوقِهِ الَّتِي تَعْرُوهُ وَنَوَائِبِهِ (١) ، وَأَمْرُهَا إِلَى مَنْ وَلِيَ الْأَمْرَ. قَالَ: فَهُمَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ. فَهَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثُ الثَّابِتَةُ الْمَعْرُوفَةُ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، وَفِيهَا مَا يُبَيِّنُ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - طَلَبَتْ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى مَا كَانَتْ تَعْرِفُ مِنَ الْمَوَارِيثِ، فَأُخْبِرَتْ بِمَا كَانَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَسَلَّمَتْ وَرَجَعَتْ، فَكَيْفَ تَطْلُبُهَا مِيرَاثًا وَهِيَ تَدَّعِيهَا مِلْكًا بِالْعَطِيَّةِ؟ هَذَا مَا لَا مَعْنًى فِيهِ. وَقَدْ كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ الْكِتَابِ أَنْ يَتَدَبَّرَ، وَلَا نَحْتَجُّ بِمَا يُوجَدُ فِي الْأَحَادِيثِ الثَّابِتَةِ لِرَدِّهِ وَإِبَانَةِ الْغَلَطِ فِيهِ (٢) ، وَلَكِنْ حُبُّكَ الشَّيْءَ يُعْمِي وَيُصِمُّ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَالَ لِفَاطِمَةَ وَقَدْ قَرَأَتْ عَلَيْهِ إِنِّي أَقْرَأُ مِثْلَ مَا قَرَأْتِ (٣) وَلَا يَبْلُغَنَّ عِلْمِي أَنْ يَكُونَ قَالَهُ كُلَّهُ. قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ: هُوَ لَكَ وَلِقَرَابَتِكَ؟ قَالَ: لَا وَأَنْتِ عِنْدِي مُصَدَّقَةٌ أَمِينَةٌ، فَإِنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَهِدَ إِلَيْكِ فِي هَذَا، أَوْ وَعَدَكِ فِيهِ مَوْعِدًا أَوْ أَوْجَبَهُ لَكُمْ حَقًّا صَدَّقْتُكِ. فَقَالَتْ: لَا غَيْرَ «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ حِينَ أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ: " أَبْشِرُوا يَا آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَقَدْ جَاءَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِالْغِنَى» " . قَالَ

(١) قَالَ مُحَقِّقُ صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ -: " تَعْرُوهُ: مَعْنَاهَا مَا يَطْرَأُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْحُقُوقِ الْوَاجِبَةِ وَالْمَنْدُوبَةِ. وَيُقَالُ: عَرَوْتُهُ وَاعْتَرَرْتُهُ إِذَا أَتَيْتَهُ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ. وَنَوَائِبُهُ: النَّوَائِبُ مَا يَنُوبُ الْإِنْسَانُ، أَيْ يَنْزِلُ بِهِ مِنَ الْمُهِمَّاتِ وَالْحَوَادِثِ ". (٢) فِي الْأَصْلِ: رَدَّهُ وَأَبَانَهُ لِلْغَلَطِ فِيهِ. (٣) فِي الْأَصْلِ: مِثْلَ قَرَأْتِ.