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been related in any hadith that Fātimah claimed it on any grounds other than inheritance, nor that anyone testified to that.
Jarīr narrated from Mughīrah, from Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz, that he said concerning Fadak:
‘Fātimah asked the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—to assign it to her, but he refused. The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—would spend from its revenues, provide for the needy members of Banū Hāshim, and use it to arrange marriages for those among them who had no spouses. It remained so throughout the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—as a charitable endowment, and Fātimah accepted the truth (1). I call you to witness that I have restored it to the status it had during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—’ (2).
Nor has it ever been reported that Fātimah—may Allah be pleased with her—claimed that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—
(1) In the original (W), the phrase “may Allah bless him and grant him peace” is followed by a mark referring to the margin, but the words are not visible in the facsimile. After this phrase comes: “ordering its disposal, Fātimah, the truth,” which is corrupt. The reading I have adopted is perhaps closer to the correct text.
(2) In *Sīrat Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz*, pp. 109–110 (al-Mu’ayyad Press, Cairo, 1331/1921), Ibn al-Jawzī relates the account of Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz and the land of Fadak, which he inherited from his father, and how he restored it to charitable status. The report begins: “Yaqub ibn Sufyān said: Sulaymān ibn [a blank in the original] related to me that Umar inspected his estates. . . . I was informed that it was Fadak. He said: Ibrahim ibn Jafar narrated to us from his father, who said: Fadak was *fay* (property acquired without battle) belonging to the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and was used for travelers. His daughter asked him to give it to her, but the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—refused. Abu Bakr then assumed authority over it and followed the practice of the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—followed by Umar and then Uthmān. . . . When Marwān became governor of Medina for the last time, he restored it to him. He then gave Abd al-Malik half of them and Abd al-Azīz the other half. Abd al-Azīz gave his share to his son Umar. . . . By the time Umar assumed the caliphate, it was the sole means of supporting him and his dependents, yielding ten thousand each year—sometimes less and sometimes more. He therefore made thorough inquiries about it and was informed of its history. . . . He then wrote to Abu Bakr ibn Hazm: ‘I have examined the matter of Fadak and found it improper. I have therefore decided to restore it to the status it had during the time of the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and of Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthmān. Take possession of it and appoint over it a man who will administer it justly.’”
حُكِيَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْأَحَادِيثِ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ ادَّعَتْهَا بِغَيْرِ الْمِيرَاثِ، وَلَا أَنَّ أَحَدًا شَهِدَ بِذَلِكَ.
وَلَقَدْ رَوَى جَرِيرٌ عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي فَدَكَ:
" إِنْ فَاطِمَةَ سَأَلَتِ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنْ يَجْعَلَهَا لَهَا فَأَبَى، وَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَانَ يُنْفِقُ مِنْهَا وَيَعُودُ عَلَى ضَعَفَةِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَيُزَوِّجُ مِنْهُ أَيِّمَهُمْ، وَكَانَتْ كَذَلِكَ حَيَاةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَمْرَ صَدَقَةٍ وَقَبِلَتْ فَاطِمَةُ الْحَقَّ
(١)
، وَإِنِّي أُشْهِدُكُمْ أَنِّي رَدَدْتُهَا إِلَى مَا كَانَتْ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - "
(٢)
.
وَلَمْ يُسْمَعْ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - ادَّعَتْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
(١) فِي الْأَصْلِ (و) بَعْدَ عِبَارَةِ " - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - " إِشَارَةٌ إِلَى الْهَامِشِ، وَلَمْ تَظْهَرِ الْكَلِمَاتُ فِي الْمُصَوَّرَةِ، وَبَعْدَ هَذِهِ الْعِبَارَةِ: آمِرًا صَرْفَهُ فَاطِمَةَ الْحَقَّ، وَهِيَ عِبَارَةٌ مُحَرَّفَةٌ، وَلَعَلَّ مَا أُثْبِتُهُ أَقْرَبُ إِلَى الصَّوَابِ.
(٢) ذَكَرَ ابْنُ الْجَوْزِيِّ فِي كِتَابِهِ " سِيرَةِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ " ص ١٠٩ ١١٠، ط. الْمُؤَيَّدِ، الْقَاهِرَةِ ١٣٣١/١٩٢١ قِصَّةَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ مَعَ أَرْضِ فَدَكَ الَّتِي وَرِثَهَا عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَكَيْفَ رَدَّهَا إِلَى الصَّدَقَةِ. وَأَوَّلُ الْخَبَرِ: قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ وَحَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ (بَيَاضٌ بِالْأَصْلِ) أَنَّ عُمَرَ نَظَرَ فِي مَزَارِعِهِ. . . . وَبَلَغَنِي أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ فَدَكَ. قَالَ: فَحَدَّثْنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: كَانَتْ فَدَكُ فَيْئًا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -. فَكَانَتْ لِابْنِ السَّبِيلِ، فَسَأَلَتْهُ ابْنَتُهُ إِيَّاهَا فَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا، فَوَلِيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَسَلَكَ مَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَفْعَلُ، ثُمَّ عُمَرُ، ثُمَّ عُثْمَانُ. . . فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ مَرْوَانُ الْمَدِينَةَ الْمَرَّةَ الْأَخِيرَةَ رَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِ، فَأَعْطَى عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ نِصْفَهُمَا وَعَبْدَ الْعَزِيزِ نِصْفَهُمَا، فَوَهَبَ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ حَقَّهُ لِعُمَرَ وَلَدِهِ. . . فَلَقَدْ وَلِيَ عُمَرُ الْخِلَافَةَ وَمَا يَقُومُ بِهِ وَبِعِيَالِهِ إِلَّا وَهِيَ تُغَلُّ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ عَشْرَةَ آلَافٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ، فَسَأَلَ عَنْهَا فَحَصَ فَأُخْبِرَ بِمَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهَا. . . فَكَتَبَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ حَزْمٍ كِتَابًا يَقُولُ فِيهِ: إِنِّي نَظَرْتُ فِي أَمْرِ فَدَكَ، فَإِذَا هُوَ لَا يَصْلُحُ، فَرَأَيْتُ أَنْ أَرُدَّهَا عَلَى مَا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ، فَاقْبِضْهَا وَوَلِّهَا رَجُلًا يَقُومُ فِيهَا بِالْحَقِّ.