that his house be made a mosque, his well be made available for public use, or his land be made a cemetery, and the like, his testimony would be admissible by the consensus of the Muslims—even if he himself were permitted to pray in the mosque, drink from that (1) well, and be buried in that cemetery. For this (2) is testimony in favor of a general, indeterminate class, and the witness is included within it by virtue of its general scope, not by individual designation. Such a person is therefore not an adverse party.

The same applies when a Muslim (3) testifies to a right owed to the public treasury (4), such as that this person (5) owes a debt to the public treasury; when he testifies that (6) the person has no heir other than the public treasury; or when he testifies against a non-Muslim under covenant regarding something that entails the revocation of his covenant and causes his property to accrue as communal spoils to the public treasury—and other similar cases.

Likewise, if an upright witness testified that someone had endowed his property for the poor and needy, his testimony would be accepted even if [the witness] (7) were himself poor.

Fourth: Al-Siddīq—may Allah be pleased with him—was not among those entitled to this charity. Rather, he had no need of it, and neither he nor any member of his family (8) benefited from it. He was therefore (9)