Minhaj as-Sunnah - Ibn Taimiya - (4/194)

Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

and he himself was the party opposing her, since charity was lawful for him—on the grounds that (1) the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said:

‘We prophets leave no inheritance; whatever we leave behind (2) is charity.’

Furthermore, the Quran contradicts what they have related from him (3), for Allah Most High says:

‘Allah commands you concerning your children: the male shall have the share of two females.’

[Surah al-Nisā’: 11] (4)

Allah did not make this applicable only to his community, to his exclusion—may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He also declared their report false (5), saying:

‘Solomon inherited David.’

[Surah al-Naml: 16]

And Allah Most High said concerning Zechariah:

‘I fear my relatives after me, and my wife has been barren, so grant me from Yourself an heir who will inherit from me and inherit from the family of Jacob.’

[Surah Maryam: 5, 6].”

[The response, from several perspectives, to the Rāfidī’s claim concerning Abū Bakr’s denial of Fātima’s inheritance]

The answer to this is given from several perspectives:

First: The authenticity of the statement attributed to Fātima—may Allah be pleased with her—“Do you inherit from your father while I do not inherit from mine?” is not known (6). Even if (7) it is authentic, there is (8) no proof in it, because her father—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—cannot be compared to any of

(1) A, B, and K read: “because”; all other manuscripts read: “that.” (2) K reads: “and whatever we leave behind.” (3) N and M read: “although the Quran is contrary to what they related from him”; R and S read: “although the Quran contradicts what he related from him”; B reads: “despite what they related from him, the Quran contradicts that”; K reads: “despite what they related from him. The Quran contradicts that.” (4) K reads: “Allah commands you concerning your children.” (5) N and M read: “his report.” (6) A and B read: “we know.” (7) N and M read: “then if.” (8) A and B read: “there is no.”

وَكَانَ هُوَ الْغَرِيمَ لَهَا؛ لِأَنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ - لِأَنَّ (١) النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ: " «نَحْنُ مَعَاشِرَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ لَا نُورَثُ، مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ (٢) صَدَقَةٌ» " عَلَى أَنَّ مَا رَوَوْهُ عَنْهُ فَالْقُرْآنُ يُخَالِفُ ذَلِكَ (٣) ؛ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ: {يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ} [سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ: ١١] (٤) وَلَمْ يَجْعَلِ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ خَاصًّا بِالْأُمَّةِ دُونَهُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -، وَكَذَّبَ رِوَايَتَهُمْ (٥) فَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَوَرِثَ سُلَيْمَانُ دَاوُدَ} [سُورَةِ النَّمْلِ: ١٦] ، وَقَالَ تَعَالَى عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا: {وَإِنِّي خِفْتُ الْمَوَالِيَ مِنْ وَرَائِي وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَتِي عَاقِرًا فَهَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ وَلِيًّا - يَرِثُنِي وَيَرِثُ مِنْ آلِ يَعْقُوبَ} [سُورَةِ مَرْيَمَ: ٥، ٦] . [الْجَوَابُ على كلام الرافضي مَنْعَ أَبي بَكْرٍ فَاطِمَةَ إِرْثَهَا مِنْ وُجُوهٍ] وَالْجَوَابُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ وُجُوهٍ: أَحَدُهَا: أَنَّ مَا ذُكِرَ مِنْ قَوْلِ فَاطِمَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا -: أَتَرِثُ أَبَاكَ وَلَا أَرِثُ أَبِي؟ لَا يُعْلَمُ (٦) صِحَّتُهُ عَنْهَا، وَإِنْ (٧) صَحَّ فَلَيْسَ (٨) فِيهِ حُجَّةٌ؛ لِأَنَّ أَبَاهَا صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَامُهُ لَا يُقَاسُ بِأَحَدٍ مِنَ

(١) لِأَنَّ: كَذَا فِي (أ) ، (ب) ، (ك) . وَفِي سَائِرِ النُّسَخِ: أَنَّ. (٢) ك: وَمَا تَرَكْنَاهُ. (٣) ن، م: عَلَى أَنَّ مَا رَوَوْهُ عَنْهُ فَالْقُرْآنُ بِخِلَافِهِ؛ ر، ص: عَلَى أَنَّ مَا رَوَاهُ عَنْهُ فَالْقُرْآنُ يُخَالِفُ ذَلِكَ؛ ب: عَلَى مَا رَوَوْهُ عَنْهُ فَالْقُرْآنُ يُخَالِفُ ذَلِكَ؛ ك: عَلَى مَا رَوَوْهُ عَنْهُ. وَالْقُرْآنُ يُخَالِفُ ذَلِكَ. (٤) ك: يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ. (٥) ن، م، رِوَايَتَهُ (٦) أ، ب: نَعْلَمُ. (٧) ن، م: فَإِنْ. (٨) أ، ب: لَيْسَ.