for them, since all the legal effects of marriage (1) are absent in the case of a woman taken in temporary marriage. None of the distinctive features of lawful marriage are established in it. It is therefore evident that she is not a wife. As for the legal effects that do apply to it (2)—such as (3) establishing lineage, requiring verification that the womb is unoccupied, averting the prescribed punishment (4), requiring payment of the dower, and the like—these also apply to intercourse (5) under a mistaken belief of legality. It is thus evident that intercourse with a woman taken in temporary marriage is not intercourse with a wife. Rather, when accompanied by the belief that it is lawful (6), it resembles intercourse under a mistaken belief of legality (7). As for whether intercourse through such a union is lawful, that is precisely the point in dispute. Neither disputing party may therefore cite it as proof; each may argue against the other only by citing matters established by revealed texts and consensus.

[The Rāfidī’s remarks concerning Abū Bakr’s denial of Fātima’s inheritance]

Chapter (8)

The Rāfidī (9) said: “Abū Bakr denied Fātima her inheritance, whereupon she said (10): ‘O son of Abū Quhāfa! Do you inherit from your father while I do not inherit from mine?’ In this matter, he resorted to a report that he alone transmitted—