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punishment on the Day of Resurrection is one who killed a prophet or was killed by a prophet.” (1)
This subject is broad in scope.
[The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—named his son Abraham] (2), and Ali—may Allah be pleased with him—named two of his sons Abū Bakr and Umar (3).
In general, Muslims and unbelievers share proper names. Jews and Christians use the names Abraham, Moses, Isaac, and Jacob, and Muslims likewise use them. The fact that an unbeliever bears a given name provides no reason to abandon that name (4). [Even if it were assumed—Allah forbid—that these men were unbelievers, as the slanderers—may Allah curse them (5)—claim, that still would not require these names to be abandoned] (6). Rather, doing so is merely an extreme manifestation of bigotry and ignorance.
If it is said:
“They dislike this name only because its bearer is a Sunni.”
(1) The hadith is narrated from 'Abd Allāh ibn Mas'ūd—may Allah be pleased with him—in *al-Musnad* (al-Ma'ārif ed.), 5/322, 333, with the wording: “Among those who will suffer the severest punishment on the Day of Resurrection are a man killed by a prophet or who killed a prophet, an imam of misguidance, and an image-maker from among the image-makers.” Al-Albānī graded the hadith *hasan* (good) in *Sahīh al-Jāmi' al-Saghīr*, 1/335. In *Silsilat al-Ahādīth al-Sahīha*, 1/136–137 (no. 281), he states that al-Tabarānī narrated it in *al-Mu'jam al-Kabīr* and that al-Haythamī cited it in *Majma' al-Zawā'id*.
(2) The text within brackets appears only in A and B.
(3) Al-Muhibb al-Tabarī states in *al-Riyād al-Nadira*, 2/333, that 'Alī ibn Abī Tālib “had fourteen sons and eighteen daughters.” Among his sons, he lists: “Abū Bakr, who was killed with al-Husayn ... and al-'Abbās al-Akbar, 'Uthmān, Ja'far, and 'Abd Allāh, who were also killed with al-Husayn. Their mother was Umm al-Banīn bint Hizām ibn Khālid ... and 'Umar al-Akbar, whose mother was Umm Habīb al-Sahbā' al-Taghlibiyya....”
(4) N and M read: “abandoning these names.”
(5) The phrase “may Allah curse them” is omitted from A and B.
(6) The text within brackets is omitted from N and M.
النَّاسِ عَذَابًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مَنْ قَتَلَ نَبِيًّا أَوْ قَتَلَهُ نَبِيٌّ» "
(١)
. وَهَذَا بَابٌ وَاسِعٌ.
[وَقَدْ سَمَّى النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ابْنَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ]
(٢)
، وَقَدْ سَمَّى عَلِيٌّ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - ابْنَيْهِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ
(٣)
.
فَفِي الْجُمْلَةِ أَسْمَاءُ الْأَعْلَامِ يَشْتَرِكُ فِيهَا الْمُسْلِمُ وَالْكَافِرُ، كَمَا تُسَمِّي الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَى وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ، وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ يُسَمُّونَ بِذَلِكَ أَيْضًا، فَلَيْسَ فِي تَسْمِيَةِ الْكَافِرِ بِاسْمٍ مَا يُوجِبُ هِجْرَانَ ذَلِكَ الِاسْمِ
(٤)
، [فَلَوْ فُرِضَ - وَالْعِيَاذُ بِاللَّهِ - أَنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ كُفَّارٌ، كَمَا يَقُولُ الْمُفْتَرُونَ - لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ
(٥)
- لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي ذَلِكَ مَا يُوجِبُ هِجْرَانَ هَذِهِ الْأَسْمَاءِ]
(٦)
، وَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ مُبَالَغَةٌ فِي التَّعَصُّبِ وَالْجَهْلِ.
فَإِنْ قِيلَ:
إِنَّمَا يَكْرَهُونَ هَذَا الِاسْمَ لِأَنَّ الْمُسَمًّى بِهِ يَكُونُ سُنِّيًّا.
(١) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي الْمُسْنَدِ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ٥/٣٢٢ ٣٣٣ بِلَفْظِ: " أَشَدُّ النَّاسِ عَذَابًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَهُ نَبِيٌّ أَوْ قَتَلَ نَبِيًّا، وَإِمَامُ ضَلَالَةٍ، وَمُمَثِّلٌ مِنَ الْمُمَثِّلِينَ ". وَحَسَّنَ الْأَلْبَانِيُّ الْحَدِيثَ فِي " صَحِيحِ الْجَامِعِ الصَّغِيرِ " ١/٣٣٥، وَقَالَ عَنْهُ فِي " سِلْسِلَةِ الْأَحَادِيثِ الصَّحِيحَةِ " ١/١٣٦ ١٣٧ (رَقْمَ ٢٨١) إِنَّ الطَّبَرَانِيَّ أَخْرَجَهُ فِي الْمُعْجَمِ الْكَبِيرِ وَالْهَيْثَمِيَّ فِي: مَجْمَعِ الزَّوَائِدِ.
(٢) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ: فِي (أ) ، (ب) فَقَطْ.
(٣) ذَكَرَ الْمُحِبُّ الطَّبَرِيُّ فِي " الرِّيَاضِ النَّضِرَةِ " ٢/٣٣٣ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ " كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ ذَكَرًا وَثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ أُنْثَى " وَذَكَرَ مِنْ أَوْلَادِهِ الذُّكُورِ: " أَبُو بَكْرٍ: قُتِلَ مَعَ الْحُسَيْنِ. . . وَالْعَبَّاسُ الْأَكْبَرُ وَعُثْمَانُ وَجَعْفَرٌ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ: قُتِلُوا مَعَ الْحُسَيْنِ أَيْضًا، أُمُّهُمْ أُمُّ الْبَنِينَ بِنْتُ حِزَامِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ. . . وَعُمَرُ الْأَكْبَرُ أُمُّهُ أُمُّ حَبِيبٍ الصَّهْبَاءُ التَّغْلِبِيَّةُ. . ".
(٤) ن، م: هِجْرَانَ هَذِهِ الْأَسْمَاءِ.
(٥) عِبَارَةُ " لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ ": سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) .
(٦) مَا بَيْنَ الْمَعْقُوفَتَيْنِ سَاقِطٌ مِنْ (ن) ، (م) .