Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

Ka'b ibn Mālik, the poet of the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and others. Ka'b ibn (1) al-Ashraf had affronted Allah and His Messenger (2), so the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—commissioned Muhammad ibn Maslama and his companions to kill him (3).

Among the Companions was Ubayy ibn Ka'b (4), to whom the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said:

“Allah has commanded me to recite to you: ‘Those who disbelieved were not…’” [Surah al-Bayyina: 1] (5)

That is, a recitation (6) intended to convey the revelation, not a recitation for the purpose of learning (7).

Among the polytheists was Ubayy ibn Khalaf, whom the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—killed with his own hand on the day of Uhud. The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—killed [no one] (8) else with his own hand. He said:

“Indeed, (9) among those who will receive the severest

(1) The word “ibn” is omitted from A and B. (2) A and B read: “had harmed the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace.” (3) The account of the killing of Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf, the Jew who composed amorous poetry about Umm al-Fadl, wife of al-'Abbās ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib—the paternal uncle of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and incited the disbelievers to fight the Muslims, is found in Sīrat Ibn Hishām, 3/54, 61. It states at 3/58: “Those who joined together to kill him were Muhammad ibn Maslama; Silkān ibn Salama ibn Waqsh, also known as Abū Nā'ila, of the Banū 'Abd al-Ashhal, who was Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf’s foster brother; 'Abbād ibn Bishr ibn Waqsh, of the Banū 'Abd al-Ashhal; al-Hārith ibn Aws ibn Mu'ādh, of the Banū 'Abd al-Ashhal; and Abū 'Abs ibn Jabr, of the Banū Hāritha.” (4) A and B read: “Among the Companions: Ka'b.” (5) The hadith is narrated from Anas ibn Mālik—may Allah be pleased with him—in al-Bukhārī, 6/175 (Book of Quranic Exegesis, Sūrat Lam Yakun). Al-Bukhārī narrated it through three chains; the first reads: “…Anas ibn Mālik—may Allah be pleased with him—reported that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said to Ubayy: ‘Allah has commanded me to recite to you: “Those who disbelieved were not…”’ Ubayy asked, ‘Did He mention me by name?’ He replied, ‘Yes,’ whereupon Ubayy wept.” (6) A reads: “I am to recite to you—meaning: Lam Yakun—a recitation” (*qirā'atun*); B reads: “I am to recite to you, meaning a recitation” (*qirā'atan*); H, R, and S read: “I am to recite Lam Yakun to you, meaning a recitation” (*qirā'atan*); W reads: “I am to recite Lam Yakun to you—a recitation” (*qirā'atun*). (7) A and B read: “instruction.” (8) “No one” is omitted from A, B, N, M, and W. (9) “Indeed” is omitted from A and B.
كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ شَاعِرُ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَغَيْرُهُ، وَكَانَ كَعْبُ بْنُ (١) الْأَشْرَفِ قَدْ آذَى اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ (٢) حَتَّى نَدَبَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لِقَتْلِهِ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ وَأَصْحَابَهُ (٣) . وَفِي الصَّحَابَةِ «أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ (٤) الَّذِي قَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: " إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقْرَأَ عَلَيْكَ: {لَمْ يَكُنِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا} » [سُورَةِ الْبَيِّنَةِ: ١] (٥) يَعْنِي قِرَاءَةَ (٦) تَبْلِيغٍ لَا قِرَاءَةَ تَعَلُّمٍ (٧) . وَفِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفٍ قَتَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِيَدِهِ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، وَلَمْ يَقْتُلِ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِيَدِهِ [أَحَدًا] (٨) غَيْرَهُ، وَقَالَ: " «إِنَّ (٩) مِنْ أَشَدِّ
(١) بْنُ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) . (٢) أ، ب: آذَى النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -. (٣) خَبَرُ مَقْتَلِ كَعْبِ بْنِ الْأَشْرَفِ الْيَهُودِيِّ الَّذِي شَبَّبَ بِأُمِّ الْفَضْلِ زَوْجِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عَمِّ الرَّسُولِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَحَرَّضَ الْكُفَّارَ عَلَى قِتَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي سِيرَةِ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ. ٣/٥٤، ٦١ وَفِيهَا (٥٨) : " فَاجْتَمَعَ فِي قَتْلِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ وَسِلْكَانُ بْنُ سَلَامَةَ بْنِ وَقْشٍ، وَهُوَ أَبُو نَائِلَةَ، أَحَدُ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ، وَكَانَ أَخَا كَعْبِ بْنِ الْأَشْرَفِ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ، وَعَبَّادُ بْنُ بِشْرِ بْنِ وَقْشٍ، أَحَدُ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ، وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَوْسِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ، أَحَدُ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ، وَأَبُو عَبْسِ بْنُ جَبْرٍ، أَحَدُ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ ". (٤) أ، ب: وَفِي الصَّحَابَةِ: كَعْبٌ. (٥) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٦/١٧٥ (كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ، سُورَةُ لَمْ يَكُنْ) وَسَاقَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ طُرُقٍ نَصُّ أَوَّلِهَا: ". . عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ -: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لِأُبَيٍّ: " إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقْرَأَ عَلَيْكَ: (لَمْ يَكُنِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا) ". قَالَ: وَسَمَّانِي؟ قَالَ: " نَعَمْ "، فَبَكَى. (٦) أ: أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ يَعْنِي: لَمْ يَكُنْ، قِرَاءَةٌ، ب: أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ يَعْنِي قِرَاءَةً؛ هـ، ر، ص،: أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَعْنِي قِرَاءَةً؛ وَ: أَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ لَمْ يَكُنْ قِرَاءَةٌ. (٧) أ، ب: تَعْلِيمٍ. (٨) أَحَدًا: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) ، (ن) ، (م) ، (و) . (٩) إِنَّ: سَاقِطَةٌ مِنْ (أ) ، (ب) .

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