First:
You do not accept the hadiths of Ahl al-Sunnah as evidence, so a hadith such as this is of no benefit to you(1). If you say, “It is evidence against Ahl al-Sunnah,” we shall cite what they have said concerning it.
Second:
This is a solitary report(2). How, then, can it establish a fundamental tenet of religion without which faith is not valid?
Third:
The wording of the hadith is evidence against you, not for you(3), for its wording is:
“His name will match my name, and his father’s name will match my father’s name.”
Thus, the Mahdi foretold by the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—is named Muhammad ibn Abdullah, not Muhammad ibn al-Hasan. It has also been narrated from Ali [—may Allah be pleased with him—](4) that he [said: he](5) is a descendant of al-Hasan ibn Ali, not a descendant of al-Husayn [ibn Ali](6).
The hadiths concerning the Mahdi are well known. They were narrated by Imam Ahmad, Abū Dāwūd, al-Tirmidhī, and others. One example is the hadith of Abdullah ibn Masūd, who narrated that the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said:
“If only one day remained of this world, Allah would prolong that day(7) until He sent forth during it a man from my household whose name would match my name and whose father’s name would match my father’s name. He would fill the earth with equity and justice just as it had been filled with injustice and tyranny.”(8)
(1) (A) reads: “for indeed it,” which is a textual corruption. The word “benefit” is omitted from (B).
(2) (N) and (W) read: “that this is among the solitary reports”; (M) reads: “that these are solitary reports.”
(3) The phrase “not for you” is omitted from (A) and (B).
(4) “May Allah be pleased with him” is omitted from (N). (M) and (W) read: “Peace be upon him.”
(5) The words “he said: he” are omitted from (N), (M), and (W).
(6) “Ibn Alī” is omitted from (N), (M), and (W).
(7) (N) and (M) read: “Allah would surely prolong it.”
(8) The hadith with this wording, narrated from Abdullāh ibn Masūd—may Allah be pleased with him—is found in *Sunan Abī Dāwūd*, 4/151 (Book of the Mahdi). Al-Albānī graded it authentic in *Sahīh al-Jāmi al-Saghīr*, 5/70–71.
Another hadith, transmitted through a different chain from Abdullāh ibn Masūd, states: “The world will not pass away—or come to an end—until a man from my household, whose name matches mine, rules the Arabs.” It is recorded in *Sunan Abī Dāwūd* at the same location and in *Sunan al-Tirmidhī*, 3/343 (Book of Tribulations, Chapter on Reports Concerning the Mahdi). Al-Tirmidhī said: “Reports on this subject have also been narrated from Alī, Abū Saīd, N, Umm Salama, and Abū Hurayra. This is a hasan sahīh (good and authentic) hadith.”
Al-Tirmidhī also cited another hadith from Abdullāh ibn Masūd with the wording: “A man from my household whose name matches mine will assume rule.” This latter report is from Abū Hurayra and begins: “If only one day remained of this world, Allah would prolong that day until he assumed rule…” It is described as “a hasan sahīh hadith.”
On the same page, al-Tirmidhī cited a hadith from Abū Saīd al-Khudrī with the wording: “The Mahdi will indeed emerge among my community and live for five, seven, or nine.” Zayd was uncertain which number was intended. He said: “We asked, ‘What does that mean?’ He replied, ‘Years.’” He continued: “A man will come to him and say, ‘O Mahdi, give me.’ He will then heap into the man’s garment as much as he can carry.” Al-Tirmidhī said: “This is a hasan (good) hadith. It has been narrated through several routes from Abū Saīd, from the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace.”
The hadith was also transmitted through two different chains from Alī ibn Abī Tālib—may Allah be pleased with him—in *al-Musnad* (Maārif ed.), 2/117–118, hadith no. 773, with the wording: “If only one day remained of this world, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, would raise up a man from among us who would fill it with justice just as it had been filled with tyranny.” Shaykh Ahmad Shākir—may Allah have mercy on him—said: “Both of its chains are sound.”
This hadith from Alī—may Allah be pleased with him—is also found in *Sunan Abī Dāwūd* at the same location, and al-Albānī graded it authentic in *Sahīh al-Jāmi al-Saghīr*, 5/71. Abū Dāwūd’s wording, however, is: “If only one day remained of time…” and so forth.
Ibn Mājah included in his *Sunan*, 2/928–929 (Book of Jihad, Chapter on Daylam and the Merit of Qazwīn), a hadith from Abū Hurayra—may Allah be pleased with him—with the wording: “If only one day remained of this world, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, would prolong it until a man from my household ruled; he would rule Mount Daylam and Constantinople.” The annotator cited evidence demonstrating that this hadith is weak.