Minhaj as-SunnahIbn Taimiya

Anyone who was one year old or thereabouts at that time certainly did not live beyond one hundred years. If lifespans in that era did not exceed this limit, then the same applies all the more to subsequent eras as a general prevailing rule, for human lifespans generally grow shorter, not longer, as time passes. Noah [peace be upon him] remained among his people for a thousand years less fifty, while Adam [peace be upon him](1) lived for a thousand years, as established in an authentic hadith narrated and declared authentic by al-Tirmidhī(2). Accordingly—

(1) The phrase “peace be upon him” is an addition in (A) and (B). (2) The hadith is narrated from Abū Hurayra—may Allah be pleased with him—in *Sunan al-Tirmidhī*, 5/123–124 (Book of Exegesis, its final chapter). It begins: “When Allah created Adam and breathed the spirit into him, he sneezed and said, ‘Praise be to Allah,’ thus praising Allah by His permission…” The hadith also states: “He said, ‘My Lord, who is this?’ He replied, ‘This is your son David. I have decreed for him a lifespan of forty years.’ He said, ‘My Lord, increase his lifespan.’ He replied, ‘That is what has been decreed for him.’ He said, ‘My Lord, I have therefore given him sixty years of my own lifespan.’ He replied, ‘You may do so.’ He said, ‘Then dwell in Paradise for as long as Allah wills, and afterward descend from it.’ Adam then kept count of his years. The Angel of Death came to him, and Adam said, ‘You have come too soon; a thousand years were decreed for me.’ He replied, ‘Yes, but you gave sixty years to your son David.’ Adam denied it, and his descendants likewise denied; he forgot, and his descendants likewise forgot. He said, ‘From that day onward, written records and witnesses were prescribed.’” Al-Tirmidhī states: “This is a *hasan gharīb* hadith through this route. It has also been narrated through more than one route from Abū Hurayra, from the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace.” In his *takhrīj* of al-Tibrīzī’s *Mishkāt al-Masābīh*, 2/543, al-Albānī states: “Al-Hākim graded it authentic, and al-Dhahabī concurred; it is as they said.” Another hadith with the same meaning, narrated from Ibn Abbās—may Allah be pleased with them both—appears in three places in *al-[Mu]snad* (al-Maārif ed.): 4/71–72, 4/252, and 5/174–175. Ibn Kathīr cites this hadith and comments on it in his exegesis of the debt verse (al-Baqara 2:282). Al-Suyūtī also cites it in *al-Durr al-Manthūr*, 1/370.
فَمَنْ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ لَهُ سَنَةٌ وَنَحْوُهَا لَمْ يَعِشْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ مِائَةِ سَنَةٍ قَطْعًا. وَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْأَعْمَارُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَصْرِ لَا تَتَجَاوَزُ هَذَا الْحَدَّ، فَمَا بَعْدَهُ مِنَ الْأَعْصَارِ أَوْلَى بِذَلِكَ فِي الْعَادَةِ الْغَالِبَةِ الْعَامَّةِ، فَإِنَّ أَعْمَارَ بَنِي آدَمَ فِي الْغَالِبِ كُلَّمَا تَأَخَّرَ الزَّمَانُ قَصُرَتْ وَلَمْ تَطُلْ، فَإِنَّ نُوحًا [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] لَبِثَ فِي قَوْمِهِ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ إِلَّا خَمْسِينَ عَامًا، وَآدَمُ [عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ] (١) عَاشَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ كَمَا ثَبَتَ ذَلِكَ فِي حَدِيثٍ صَحِيحٍ رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَصَحَّحَهُ (٢) ، فَكَانَ
(١) عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: زِيَادَةٌ فِي (أ) ، (ب) . (٢) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: سُنَنِ التِّرْمِذِيِّ ٥/١٢٣ ١٢٤ (كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ، الْبَابُ الْأَخِيرُ فِيهِ) وَأَوَّلُهُ: لَمَّا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ آدَمَ وَنَفَخَ فِيهِ الرُّوحَ عَطَسَ، فَقَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ بِإِذْنِهِ. . الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ " قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: هَذَا ابْنُكَ دَاوُدُ، وَقَدْ كَتَبْتُ لَهُ عُمُرَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً. قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ زِدْهُ فِي عُمُرِهِ. قَالَ: ذَاكَ الَّذِي كُتِبَ لَهُ. قَالَ: أَيْ رَبِّ فَإِنَّى قَدْ جَعَلْتُ لَهُ مِنْ عُمُرِي سِتِّينَ سَنَةً. قَالَ: أَنْتَ وَذَاكَ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ اسْكُنِ الْجَنَّةَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ، ثُمَّ اهْبِطْ مِنْهَا، فَكَانَ آدَمُ يَعُدُّ لِنَفْسِهِ. قَالَ: فَآتَاهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ آدَمُ: قَدْ عَجَّلْتَ، قَدْ كُتِبَ لِي أَلْفُ سَنَةٍ. قَالَ: بَلَى وَلَكِنَّكَ جَعَلْتَ لِابْنِكَ دَاوُدَ سِتِّينَ سَنَةً، فَجَحَدَ فَجَحَدَتْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ، وَنَسِيَ، فَنَسِيَتْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ. قَالَ: فَمِنْ يَوْمِئِذٍ أُمِرَ بِالْكِتَابِ وَالشُّهُودِ ". قَالَ التِّرْمِذِيُّ: " هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ": قَالَ الْأَلْبَانِيُّ فِي تَخْرِيجِ " مِشْكَاةِ الْمَصَابِيحِ " لِلتَّبْرِيزِيِّ ٢/٥٤٣: " وَصَحَّحَهُ الْحَاكِمُ وَوَافَقَهُ الذَّهَبِيُّ، وَهُوَ كَمَا قَالَا ". وَجَاءَ حَدِيثٌ آخَرُ بِنَفْسِ الْمَعْنَى عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا - فِي ثَلَاثَةِ مَوَاضِعَ فِي السَّنَدِ (ط. الْمَعَارِفِ) ٤/٧١، ٧٢، ٢٥٢، ٥/١٧٤ ١٧٥. وَأَوْرَدَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ لِآيَةِ الدَّيْنِ (الْبَقَرَةِ ٢٨٢) وَعَلَّقَ عَلَيْهِ، كَمَا أَوْرَدَهُ السُّيُوطِيُّ فِي الدُّرِّ الْمَنْثُورِ ١/٣٧٠.

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