16
Moreover, the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—has a greater right than anyone else. Ali knew that the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—had a greater claim upon him than his own self, and he loved the Prophet [peace and blessings be upon him] (1) more than he loved himself. Thus, if Ibrāhīm died, Ali would weep more on account of the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—than on account of his own son.
Unless it is said:
“Love for one’s son is innate and cannot be resisted.”
The reply is:
“The same was true of the Prophet’s love. It was he who said when Ibrāhīm died:
‘The eye sheds tears, the heart grieves, and we say only what pleases the Lord. We are indeed grieved over you, O Ibrāhīm.’” (2)
This is what is established (3) in the authentic hadith. How, then, could he have chosen Ibrāhīm’s death and made him a ransom for someone else?
(1) N and W omit: “peace and blessings be upon him.”
(2) The hadith narrated by Anas ibn Mālik—may Allah be pleased with him—is recorded in al-Bukhārī, 2/83–84 (Book of Funerals, chapter “The Prophet’s Statement: ‘Indeed, We Grieve for You’”). Its wording is: Anas ibn Mālik—may Allah be pleased with him—said, “We accompanied the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—to Abū Sayf the blacksmith, who was Ibrāhīm’s foster father, being the husband of his wet nurse. The Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—took Ibrāhīm, kissed him, and smelled him. Later, we returned there while Ibrāhīm was breathing his last. The Messenger of Allah’s eyes began shedding tears. Abd al-Rahmān ibn Awf—may Allah be pleased with him—said, ‘Even you, O Messenger of Allah?’ He replied, ‘O Ibn Awf, this is mercy.’ He then shed more tears and said, ‘The eyes shed tears, the heart grieves, and we say only what pleases our Lord. Indeed, O Ibrāhīm, we are grieved by your departure.’” With some variation in wording, the hadith is also recorded in Muslim, 4/1807–1808 (Book of Virtues, chapter on His Compassion toward Children and Family and His Humility); Sunan Abī Dāwud, 3/262–263 (Book of Funerals, chapter on Weeping over the Deceased). A hadith narrated by Asmā’ bint Yazīd with a similar meaning appears in Sunan Ibn Mājah, 1/506–507 (Book of Funerals, chapter on Reports Concerning Weeping over the Deceased), and al-Musnad (al-Fath al-Rabbānī li-Tartīb al-Musnad), 7/131–132, Cairo ed., 1356.
(3) A reads: “he laments”; B: “he laments him”; M: “was mentioned.”
وَأَيْضًا فَحَقُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَعْظَمُ مِنْ حَقِّ غَيْرِهِ، وَعَلِيٌّ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ، وَهُوَ يُحِبُّ النَّبِيَّ
[صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ]
(١)
أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا يُحِبُّ نَفْسَهُ، فَيَكُونُ لَوْ مَاتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ لَكَانَ بُكَاؤُهُ لِأَجْلِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَكْثَرَ مِنْ بُكَائِهِ لِأَجْلِ ابْنِهِ،
إِلَّا أَنْ يُقَالَ:
مَحَبَّةُ الِابْنِ طَبِيعِيَّةٌ لَا يُمْكِنُ دَفْعُهَا.
فَيُقَالُ:
هَذَا مَوْجُودٌ فِي حُبِّ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -،
وَهُوَ الَّذِي «يَقُولُ لَمَّا مَاتَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ:
" تَدْمَعُ الْعَيْنُ، وَيَحْزَنُ الْقَلْبُ، وَلَا نَقُولُ إِلَّا مَا يُرْضِي الرَّبَّ، وَإِنَّا بِكَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ لَمَحْزُونُونَ» "
(٢)
وَهَكَذَا ثَبَتَ
(٣)
فِي الْحَدِيثِ الصَّحِيحِ، فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ قَدِ اخْتَارَ مَوْتَهُ وَجَعَلَهُ فَدَاءً لِغَيْرِهِ؟ .
(١) صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: لَيْسَتْ فِيهِ (ن) ، (و) .
(٢) الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - فِي: الْبُخَارِيِّ ٢/٨٣ ٨٤ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابُ قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -: إِنَّا بِكَ لَمَحْزُونُونَ) وَلَفْظُهُ: عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: دَخَلْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَى أَبِي سَيْفٍ الْقَيْنِ وَكَانَ ظِئْرًا لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ -، فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَبَّلَهُ وَشَمَّهُ، ثُمَّ دَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ يَجُودُ بِنَفْسِهِ، فَجَعَلَتْ عَيْنَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - تَذْرِفَانِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ -: وَأَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ ! فَقَالَ: " يَا ابْنَ عَوْفٍ إِنَّهَا رَحْمَةٌ " ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَهَا بِأُخْرَى، فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّ الْعَيْنَ تَدْمَعُ، وَالْقَلْبَ يَحْزَنُ، وَلَا نَقُولُ إِلَّا مَا يُرْضِي رَبَّنَا، وَإِنَّا بِفِرَاقِكَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ لَمَحْزُونُونَ " وَالْحَدِيثُ مَعَ اخْتِلَافٍ فِي الْأَلْفَاظِ فِي: مُسْلِمٍ ٤/١٨٠٧ ١٨٠٨ (كِتَابُ الْفَضَائِلِ، بَابُ رَحْمَتِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الصِّبْيَانَ وَالْعِيَالَ وَتَوَاضُعِهِ. .) ، سُنَنَ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ٣/٢٦٢ ٢٦٣ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابٌ فِي الْبُكَاءِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ) ، وَعَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ يَزِيدَ حَدِيثٌ مُقَارِبٌ فِي الْمَعْنَى فِي: سُنَنِ ابْنِ مَاجَهْ ١/٥٠٦ ٥٠٧ (كِتَابُ الْجَنَائِزِ، بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْبُكَاءِ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ) ، الْمُسْنَدَ (الْفَتْحَ الرَّبَّانِيَّ لِتَرْتِيبِ الْمُسْنَدِ) ٧/١٣١ ١٣٢، ط. الْقَاهِرَةِ ١٣٥٦.
(٣) أ: يَنْدُبُ، ب: يَنْدُبُهُ، م: ذُكِرَ.